Knoblich Gunther, Seigerschmidt Eva, Flach Rüdiger, Prinz Wolfgang
Max Plank Institute for Psychological Research, Munich, Germany.
Q J Exp Psychol A. 2002 Jul;55(3):1027-46. doi: 10.1080/02724980143000631.
Does the action system contribute to action perception? Recent evidence suggests that actions are simulated while being observed. Given that the planning and simulating system are the same only when one observes one's own actions, it might be easier to predict the future outcomes of actions when one has carried them out oneself earlier on. In order to test this hypothesis, three experiments were conducted in which participants observed parts of earlier self- and other-produced trajectories and judged whether another stroke would follow or not. When the trajectories were produced without constraints, participants accomplished this task only for self-produced trajectories. When the trajectories were produced under narrow constraints, the predictions were equally accurate for self- and for other-generated trajectories. These results support the action simulation assumption. The more the actions that one observes resemble the way one would carry them out oneself, the more accurate the simulation.
动作系统是否有助于动作感知？最近的证据表明，在观察动作时会对其进行模拟。鉴于只有当一个人观察自己的动作时，计划和模拟系统才是相同的，那么当一个人之前亲自执行过这些动作时，可能更容易预测动作的未来结果。为了验证这一假设，进行了三项实验，在实验中参与者观察早期自己和他人产生的轨迹的部分，并判断是否会有另一次笔画。当轨迹在无约束条件下产生时，参与者仅能针对自己产生的轨迹完成这项任务。当轨迹在狭窄约束条件下产生时，对自己产生的轨迹和他人产生的轨迹的预测同样准确。这些结果支持了动作模拟假设。一个人观察到的动作越类似于自己执行它们的方式，模拟就越准确。
