Sexton J B, Helmreich R L
The University of Texas Team Research Project, Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
Hum Perf Extrem Environ. 2000 Oct;5(1):63-8. doi: 10.7771/2327-2937.1007.
The importance of communication on the flightdeck is discussed and the application of a new computer-based linguistic method of text analysis is introduced. Preliminary results from a NASA B727 simulator study indicate that specific language variables are moderately to highly correlated with individual performance, individual error rates, and individual communication ratings. Also, language use was found to vary as a function of crew position and level of workload during the flight. Use of the first person plural (we, our, us) increases over the life of a flightcrew, and Captains speak more in the first person plural than First Officers or Flight Engineers. Language use in initial flights was associated with performance and error in subsequent flights. These are preliminary data, in that this method of linguistic analysis is currently being developed and integrated with a content-coding method of communication analysis and models of threat and error.
本文讨论了驾驶舱通信的重要性，并介绍了一种基于计算机的新型文本分析语言方法的应用。美国国家航空航天局（NASA）B727模拟器研究的初步结果表明，特定语言变量与个人表现、个人错误率和个人通信评级呈中度至高度相关。此外，研究发现语言使用会随着飞行过程中机组人员的位置和工作量水平而变化。在飞行机组人员的职业生涯中，第一人称复数（我们、我们的、我们）的使用会增加，机长使用第一人称复数的频率高于副驾驶或飞行工程师。首次飞行中的语言使用与后续飞行中的表现和错误有关。这些都是初步数据，因为这种语言分析方法目前正在开发中，并与通信分析的内容编码方法以及威胁和错误模型相结合。
