Hughes Timothy R
Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, 112 College St., Toronto, ON M5G 1L6, Canada.
Funct Integr Genomics. 2002 Sep;2(4-5):199-211. doi: 10.1007/s10142-002-0059-1. Epub 2002 May 31.
Advanced genetic techniques, along with the high degree of conservation of basic cellular processes, have made the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae a valuable system for identification of new drug targets, target-based and non-target-based drug screening, and detailed analysis of the cellular effects of drugs. Yeast also presents a convenient system for antifungal drug discovery because it is closely related to Candida albicans, a major human pathogen. Many yeast genes remain poorly characterized, and most of the sophisticated techniques in yeast have been in widespread use less than a decade - a period shorter than the typical cycle from target identification to marketing approval for a new drug. It is likely that most of the benefits of yeast in discovery and development of therapeutic compounds have yet to be realized.
先进的遗传技术，加上基本细胞过程的高度保守性，使得酿酒酵母成为一个有价值的系统，可用于鉴定新的药物靶点、基于靶点和非基于靶点的药物筛选，以及详细分析药物的细胞效应。酵母也是抗真菌药物发现的便捷系统，因为它与主要的人类病原体白色念珠菌密切相关。许多酵母基因的特征仍不清楚，而且酵母中的大多数复杂技术广泛应用还不到十年——这一时期比新药从靶点鉴定到上市批准的典型周期要短。酵母在治疗化合物发现和开发中的大部分益处可能尚未实现。
