Morris Andrew, Welsh Ruth, Frampton Richard, Charlton Jude, Fildes Brian
Vehicle Safety Research Centre, Loughborough University, UK.
Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2002;46:141-56.
For some time now, it has been recognised that a major shift is occurring in the population age distributions of most motorised countries resulting in a growing number of older persons with an increasing need for mobility. It is expected that the mobility of older persons will become even more reliant on the motor vehicle as European countries in particular undergo transitions towards decentralisation and suburbanisation and because of the well-established longevity factor. As a group, older drivers do not currently represent a major road safety problem in most Western societies when compared with other age groups such as the young. However, they are involved in significantly more serious injury and casualty crashes per head of population. Furthermore, as older drivers are likely to become a more significant problem in the years ahead, it is now necessary to examine some vehicle design factors that affect the safety of the older driver in a crash.
一段时间以来,人们已经认识到,大多数机动车化国家的人口年龄分布正在发生重大变化,导致需要出行的老年人数量不断增加。预计老年人的出行将更加依赖机动车,特别是在欧洲国家向分散化和郊区化转变的过程中,以及由于长寿因素已确立的情况下。总体而言,与年轻人等其他年龄组相比,老年驾驶员目前在大多数西方社会中并不构成主要的道路安全问题。然而,按人均计算,他们遭遇的严重伤亡事故要多得多。此外,鉴于老年驾驶员在未来几年可能会成为一个更严重的问题,现在有必要研究一些影响老年驾驶员在碰撞事故中安全的车辆设计因素。