Franco-Paredes Carlos, Rebolledo Paulina, Folch Erik, Hernandez Isabel, del Rio Carlos
Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
AIDS Read. 2002 Sep;12(9):408-13.
The diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) in HIV-infected persons is characterized by a persistent circulating CD8+ lymphocytosis. Certain HIV-infected persons appear to respond to their infection by developing an oligoclonal expansion of CD8+ lymphocytes. These cells infiltrate multiple organs, but the salivary glands and the lung constitute the major sites involved in this process. This infiltrative process resembles in many aspects a Sjögren-like syndrome, owing to the visceral lymphocytic infiltration. Unilateral parotid gland enlargement in a patient with HIV infection should prompt clinicians to suspect DILS. In addition, clinicians should be aware that the pulmonary process associated with DILS may mimic clinically and radiographically the pneumonic process caused by Pneumocystis carinii. Other manifestations of DILS to consider include a severe form of peripheral neuropathy; lymphocytic infiltration of the liver, evident as hepatitis; myositis; and lymphocytic interstitial nephritis.
HIV感染者中的弥漫性浸润性淋巴细胞增多综合征（DILS）的特征是持续循环的CD8 +淋巴细胞增多。某些HIV感染者似乎通过发生CD8 +淋巴细胞的寡克隆扩增来应对感染。这些细胞浸润多个器官，但唾液腺和肺是这一过程中的主要受累部位。由于内脏淋巴细胞浸润，这种浸润过程在许多方面类似于干燥综合征。HIV感染患者出现单侧腮腺肿大应促使临床医生怀疑DILS。此外，临床医生应意识到，与DILS相关的肺部病变在临床和影像学上可能类似于卡氏肺孢子虫引起的肺炎。DILS的其他表现还包括严重形式的周围神经病变；肝脏淋巴细胞浸润，表现为肝炎；肌炎；以及淋巴细胞间质性肾炎。
