Siwik Jaroslaw P, Nowak Richard M, Zoratti Edward M
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, Immunology and Sleep Medicine, Henry Ford Health Systems, 4B One Ford Place, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2002 Sep;86(5):1049-71. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7125(02)00033-0.
This article provides a systematic approach to the patient with acute, severe asthma. After a brief, focused evaluation prompt treatment with inhaled beta 2-agonists and systemic corticosteroids remains the cornerstone of treatment. Ipratropium bromide is now recognized as a useful addition for both adult and pediatric populations, whereas consideration of intravenous MgSO4 and theophylline is warranted for refractory patients. Ongoing evaluation of antileukotriene agents offers a possibility of these agents as alternative bronchodilators. Further research with a number of potential acute asthma agents will further expand treatment options for rapid symptomatic airway improvement and prevention of progressing airway obstruction, hospitalization, and potential respiratory failure.
本文提供了一种针对急性重症哮喘患者的系统治疗方法。经过简短、有重点的评估后，吸入β2受体激动剂和全身用糖皮质激素的及时治疗仍然是治疗的基石。异丙托溴铵目前被认为是对成人和儿童患者都有用的辅助药物，而对于难治性患者有必要考虑静脉使用硫酸镁和茶碱。对白三烯调节剂的持续评估为这些药物作为替代支气管扩张剂提供了可能性。对多种潜在的急性哮喘治疗药物的进一步研究将进一步扩大治疗选择，以快速改善气道症状并预防气道阻塞进展、住院及潜在的呼吸衰竭。
