Fliedner Monica C
Institute for Nursing Science, University of Basel, Switzerland.
Int J Hematol. 2002 Aug;76 Suppl 2:289-91. doi: 10.1007/BF03165135.
Nursing Science and research within BMT started in the early 80s and has been shown to be a useful contribution to obtain and maintain high standards of care. Trial and error are no longer accepted. The first studies were conducted together with the clinical developments and focused specifically on symptom control and management of the treatment. The term "evidence-based nursing" (EBN) is nowadays often used to describe the influence of research on practice. And yet we find that in general, care given by nurses is not yet based according to the guidelines established by research. There are several reasons why care is not (yet) based on results from research, like language barrier, diversity in health care and nursing educational systems, financial restrains and different roles and perceptions of nurses around the globe. Many nursing or multidisciplinary research studies have been conducted worldwide on areas such as the prevention or care for patients with mucositis, fatigue or pain, care for the central venous access devices, outpatient management of care, care for the donor and aspects of quality of life. Results have implications on practice and start to show their impact on quality of care. Many questions remain unanswered. Results from basic science (e.g. the discussion around fetal liver and embryonic derived stemcells and their use in treatment other than hematologic malignancies) and developments in medical treatments (e.g. introduction of tyrosin-kinase inhibitor, biotherapy and genetherapy) have an impact on nursing and should therefore be investigated closely to develop clinical pathways. It is obvious that much more time, finances, collaboration and support is needed to conduct powerful studies that can influence care for the BMT patient. This presentation will focus on developments through nursing research within the field of BMT and discuss gaps that will need to be filled in the near future.
骨髓移植护理科学与研究始于80年代初，已证明其对获得和维持高标准护理做出了有益贡献。反复试验已不再被接受。首批研究是与临床发展同步进行的，特别关注症状控制和治疗管理。如今，“循证护理”（EBN）一词常被用来描述研究对实践的影响。然而，我们发现总体而言，护士提供的护理尚未依据研究确立的指南。护理尚未（完全）基于研究结果有几个原因，比如语言障碍、医疗保健和护理教育系统的多样性、资金限制以及全球护士不同的角色和观念。全球范围内已经开展了许多护理或多学科研究，涉及口腔黏膜炎、疲劳或疼痛患者的预防或护理、中心静脉通路装置护理、门诊护理管理、供者护理以及生活质量等方面。研究结果对实践有影响，并开始显示出对护理质量的作用。许多问题仍未得到解答。基础科学的研究结果（例如围绕胎儿肝脏和胚胎来源干细胞及其在血液系统恶性肿瘤以外治疗中的应用的讨论）以及医学治疗的发展（例如酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、生物疗法和基因疗法的引入）对护理有影响，因此应密切研究以制定临床路径。显然，需要更多的时间、资金、合作与支持来开展能够影响骨髓移植患者护理的有力研究。本报告将聚焦骨髓移植领域护理研究的发展，并讨论近期需要填补的空白。
