Stephenson I, Roper J P, Nicholson K G
Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW.
Commun Dis Public Health. 2002 Sep;5(3):247-52.
Despite Department of Health recommendations that healthcare workers (HCWs) receive influenza vaccination, uptake is low. Influenza vaccination has been promoted to reduce nosocomial transmission and staff absenteeism during the winter period. Our study aimed to investigate factors associated with uptake, and non-uptake, of influenza vaccination. In March 2001 we undertook a questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey of 604 hospital HCWs in Leicester and 11 occupational health nurses. Following multivariate analysis, uptake was associated with previous influenza vaccination (OR: Odds ratio 1000, 95% CI 20-3,333), age > 45 years (OR 4.45, 95% CI 1.66-11.9), and belief that influenza is a serious illness (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.3-10.6). HCWs receive vaccination predominantly as a benefit for themselves. Campaigns should improve accessibility, target younger staff and stress the consequences of influenza infection. Simply raising awareness may not translate into increased uptake. Absenteeism was attributed to vaccine-related adverse effects by 11/83 (13%) vaccinees, resulting in 0.46 workdays lost per dose administered.
尽管卫生部建议医护人员接种流感疫苗，但接种率很低。推广流感疫苗接种是为了减少冬季医院内的传播以及员工缺勤情况。我们的研究旨在调查与流感疫苗接种率高低相关的因素。2001年3月，我们对莱斯特的604名医院医护人员和11名职业健康护士进行了基于问卷调查的横断面调查。经过多变量分析，接种与之前接种过流感疫苗（比值比：1000，95%置信区间20 - 3333）、年龄大于45岁（比值比4.45，95%置信区间1.66 - 11.9）以及认为流感是一种严重疾病（比值比3.8，95%置信区间1.3 - 10.6）有关。医护人员接种疫苗主要是为了自身受益。宣传活动应提高可及性，针对年轻员工，并强调流感感染的后果。仅仅提高意识可能不会转化为接种率的提高。83名接种者中有11人（13%）将缺勤归因于疫苗相关的不良反应，每接种一剂导致损失0.46个工作日。
