Burgaz Sema, Demircigil Gonca C, Yilmazer Meltem, Ertaş Nusret, Kemaloglu Yusuf, Burgaz Yavuz
Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey.
Mutat Res. 2002 Nov 26;521(1-2):47-56. doi: 10.1016/s1383-5718(02)00215-2.
Dental laboratory technicians may be exposed to metal alloys that are used in the production of crowns, bridges and removable partial dentures. These alloys consist of 35-65% cobalt, 20-30% chromium, 0-30% nickel, and small amounts of molybdenum, silica, beryllium, boron and carbon. The aim of this study was to assess whether dental technicians are occupationally exposed to chromium, cobalt and nickel, by analyzing urinary excretion levels of these metals and to investigate the genotoxic effects of occupational exposure associated with dental prostheses production operations by analyzing cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CB-MN) frequencies in peripheral lymphocytes and micronucleus (MN) frequencies in exfoliated nasal cells from 27 dental laboratory technicians and 15 control subjects. The differences in the urinary excretion of metals between technicians and controls were statistically significant. The mean (+/-S.D.) CB-MN frequencies ( per thousand ) in peripheral lymphocytes were 4.00 (+/-2.98) among the dental technicians and 1.40 (+/-1.30) among the controls, a statistically significant difference (P<0.005). The mean (+/-S.D.) MN frequencies ( per thousand ) in nasal cells were 3.50 (+/-1.80) among the dental technicians and 1.19 (+/-0.53) among the controls, which was also a statistically significant difference (P<0.005). There was a significant correlation between duration of exposure and MN frequencies in lymphocytes (r=0.642, P<0.01), but not in nasal cells of technicians. Our data reveal that in vivo exposure to chromium, nickel and cobalt metals is evident and that this occupational exposure may contribute to the observed genotoxic damage in two types of cells, e.g. lymphocytes and exfoliated nasal cells. However, it cannot be determined which compound(s) are responsible for the genotoxic damage observed in this study.
牙科实验室技术人员可能会接触到用于制作牙冠、牙桥和可摘局部义齿的金属合金。这些合金包含35 - 65%的钴、20 - 30%的铬、0 - 30%的镍，以及少量的钼、硅、铍、硼和碳。本研究的目的是通过分析这些金属的尿排泄水平，评估牙科技术人员是否职业性接触铬、钴和镍，并通过分析27名牙科实验室技术人员和15名对照受试者外周淋巴细胞中的胞质分裂阻滞微核（CB - MN）频率以及脱落鼻细胞中的微核（MN）频率，研究与假牙制作操作相关的职业暴露的遗传毒性效应。技术人员和对照组之间金属尿排泄的差异具有统计学意义。牙科技术人员外周淋巴细胞中CB - MN频率（每千个细胞）的平均值（±标准差）为4.00（±2.98），对照组为1.40（±1.30），差异具有统计学意义（P<0.005）。牙科技术人员鼻细胞中MN频率（每千个细胞）的平均值（±标准差）为3.50（±1.80），对照组为1.19（±0.53），这同样具有统计学意义（P<0.005）。暴露持续时间与技术人员淋巴细胞中的MN频率之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.642，P<0.01），但在技术人员的鼻细胞中不存在这种相关性。我们的数据表明，体内对铬、镍和钴金属的暴露是明显的，并且这种职业暴露可能导致在两种类型的细胞（即淋巴细胞和脱落鼻细胞）中观察到的遗传毒性损伤。然而，无法确定本研究中观察到的遗传毒性损伤是由哪种化合物引起的。
