Slutsker L, Altekruse S F, Swerdlow D L
Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1998 Mar;12(1):199-216. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70418-9.
The epidemiology of foodborne diseases is rapidly changing. In the past 15 years, new foodborne pathogens, such as Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli O157:H7, have emerged as important public health problems. Well-recognized pathogens, such as Salmonella serotype Enteritidis, have increased in prevalence or become associated with new vehicles, and pathogens such as C. jejuni and S. Typhimurium are becoming increasingly resistant to antimicrobial agents. Evolving trends in foodborne diseases are being driven by the same factors that have led to the emergence of other infectious diseases: changes in demographic characteristics of the population, human behavior, industry, and technology and the shift toward a global economy, microbial adaptation, and breakdown in the public health infrastructure. Addressing emerging foodborne disease will require more sensitive and timely surveillance, enhanced methods of laboratory identification and subtyping, and identification of effective prevention and control strategies.
食源性疾病的流行病学正在迅速变化。在过去15年中，新的食源性病原体，如空肠弯曲菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7，已成为重要的公共卫生问题。一些广为人知的病原体，如肠炎沙门氏菌，其流行率有所上升或与新的传播媒介有关，而空肠弯曲菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌等病原体对抗菌药物的耐药性也越来越强。食源性疾病不断演变的趋势是由导致其他传染病出现的相同因素驱动的：人口统计学特征的变化、人类行为、行业和技术以及向全球经济的转变、微生物适应以及公共卫生基础设施的崩溃。应对新出现的食源性疾病需要更敏感和及时的监测、改进的实验室鉴定和分型方法，以及确定有效的预防和控制策略。
