LaKind Judy S, Birnbach Nettie, Borgert Christopher J, Sonawane Babasaheb R, Tully Mary Rose, Friedman Linda
LaKind Associates LLC, Catonsville, Maryland 21228, USA.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2002 Nov 22;65(22):1909-28. doi: 10.1080/00984100290071793.
This article describes issues related to the interpretation, presentation, and use of data from human milk surveillance and research studies. It is hoped that researchers conducting human milk studies in the future will consider these concepts when formulating study conclusions and presenting data. The key issues discussed are; (1) communication of information on human milk constituents to health care providers and the public; (2) complexities associated with assessing risks and benefits when comparing breast-feeding and formula-feeding; (3) use of human milk information for trends analysis and assessment of the efficacy of restrictions on use/release of chemicals in the environment; and (4) risk assessment and regulatory decision-making concepts regarding environmental chemicals in human milk. As researchers conduct surveillance and research involving human milk, it is of the utmost importance that the results of these studies are provided with information on risk and benefits that place the data in perspective, so that those involved in decision making regarding infant nutrition (e.g., expectant mothers, physicians, midwives, nurses, and lactation consultants) can appropriately interpret the research data.
本文描述了与人乳监测及研究数据的解读、呈现和使用相关的问题。希望未来进行人乳研究的人员在制定研究结论和呈现数据时能考虑这些概念。所讨论的关键问题包括：（1）向医疗保健提供者和公众传达人乳成分信息；（2）比较母乳喂养和配方奶喂养时评估风险和益处的复杂性；（3）利用人乳信息进行趋势分析以及评估环境中化学品使用/释放限制的效果；（4）关于人乳中环境化学品的风险评估和监管决策概念。随着研究人员开展涉及人乳的监测和研究，极其重要的是，这些研究结果要提供有关风险和益处的信息，以便正确看待数据，从而使参与婴儿营养决策的人员（如准妈妈、医生、助产士、护士和哺乳顾问）能够恰当地解读研究数据。
