Heikkinen Riitta-Liisa, Berg Stig, Avlund Kirsten, Tömäkangas Timo
Department of Health Sciences and Finnish Centre for Interdisciplinary Gerontology, University of Jyväskylä.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2002 Jun;14(3 Suppl):16-28.
The aim of the study was to look firstly at the changes that occurred in depressive symptomatology over a 5-year period among originally 75-year-old residents in three Nordic localities: Glostrup in Denmark, Göteborg in Sweden and Jyväskylä in Finland, and secondly, at some selected variables if they predicted depressed mood in this study. The study is a part of a 5-year follow-up of the Nordic comparative NORA study on functional capacity. A 5-year follow-up was carried out with the survivors in 1994. Depressive symptomatology was assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The number of survivors was 277 in Glostrup, 226 In Göteborg and 250 in Jyväskylä. The proportion of respondents with depressive symptoms was highest in Jyväskylä; this was true for both men and women at baseline and at the follow-up. In the baseline study, minor depression was more common among women than men in all three localities, and at the follow-up in Göteborg and Glostrup. In the follow-up study, men and women in Jyväskylä scored higher means on the CES-D scale than did the groups in Göteborg and Glostrup. During the follow-up, there was no significant change in the mean score describing depressed mood (CES-D total scale) in any locality in either men or women. The mean score of those who died during the follow-up period differed significantly from the score of survivors among women in Göteborg and in Glostrup. The most clear predictors for depressed mood in this Nordic 5-year follow-up study were chronic diseases, feelings of loneliness, and self-rated health.
该研究的目的，一是观察丹麦的格罗斯楚普、瑞典的哥德堡和芬兰的于韦斯屈莱这三个北欧地区原本75岁的居民在5年时间里抑郁症状的变化，二是考察某些选定变量是否能在本研究中预测抑郁情绪。该研究是北欧关于功能能力的比较性诺拉研究5年随访的一部分。1994年对幸存者进行了5年随访。抑郁症状通过流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）进行评估。格罗斯楚普的幸存者有277人，哥德堡有226人，于韦斯屈莱有250人。有抑郁症状的受访者比例在于韦斯屈莱最高；在基线和随访时，男性和女性都是如此。在基线研究中，在所有三个地区以及哥德堡和格罗斯楚普的随访中，轻度抑郁在女性中比在男性中更常见。在随访研究中，于韦斯屈莱的男性和女性在CES-D量表上的平均分高于哥德堡和格罗斯楚普的人群。在随访期间，任何地区男性或女性描述抑郁情绪的平均分（CES-D总量表）都没有显著变化。在哥德堡和格罗斯楚普，随访期间死亡者的平均分与女性幸存者的分数有显著差异。在这项北欧5年随访研究中，抑郁情绪最明显的预测因素是慢性病、孤独感和自我评定的健康状况。
