Moore M C, Guzmán M A, Schilling P E, Strong J P
J Am Diet Assoc. 1976 Mar;68(3):216-23.
Dietary histories for 253 deceased New Orleans men were obtained retrospectively by interviewing respondents who had shared the household with these men for an average of eighteen years. Each respondent answered a detailed questionnaire designed to elicit the usual twenty-eight-day pattern of food intake of the subject during the terminal year of his life. This information was then used to calculate the average daily intake of selected dietary components. The cases included in the dietary studies were a sub-sample of cases in the International Atherosclerosis Project and were also studied for cigarette smoking habits. Analyses were performed to determine possible associations of nutrient intakes during the terminal year of life with the extent of raised lesion involvement in the three main coronary arteries measured at autopsy. These analyses indicated that higher intakes of protein of vegetal origin, total carbohydrate, starch, and crude fiber are associated with less atherosclerotic lesion involvement. For other components (total calories, total protein, animal protein, total fat, animal or vegetal fat, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, total sugars, and cholesterol), there were no indications that the daily consumption was related to atherosclerotic lesions found at autopsy. When the diet-lesion relationships were examined on the basis of nutrient-to-calorie ratios, starch and vegetal protein were associated with less atherosclerotic lesion involvement in the coronaries, while animal protein and fat, regardless of source, were associated with greater atherosclerotic lesion involvement. These results suggest that, in general, the consumption of more foods of vegetal origin may be related to a lesser degree of atherosclerotic involvement.
通过对与253名已故新奥尔良男性共同生活平均达18年的受访者进行访谈，回顾性地获取了他们的饮食史。每位受访者都回答了一份详细问卷，该问卷旨在了解受试者在生命最后一年通常的28天食物摄入模式。然后利用这些信息计算选定饮食成分的平均每日摄入量。饮食研究中的病例是国际动脉粥样硬化项目病例的一个子样本，同时也对他们的吸烟习惯进行了研究。进行分析以确定生命最后一年的营养摄入量与尸检时测量的三条主要冠状动脉病变累及程度之间可能存在的关联。这些分析表明，植物源性蛋白质、总碳水化合物、淀粉和粗纤维的摄入量较高与动脉粥样硬化病变累及程度较低有关。对于其他成分（总热量、总蛋白质、动物蛋白、总脂肪、动物或植物脂肪、饱和或不饱和脂肪酸、总糖和胆固醇），没有迹象表明每日摄入量与尸检时发现的动脉粥样硬化病变有关。当根据营养素与热量的比率来研究饮食与病变的关系时，淀粉和植物蛋白与冠状动脉中动脉粥样硬化病变累及程度较低有关，而动物蛋白和脂肪，无论其来源如何，都与动脉粥样硬化病变累及程度较高有关。这些结果表明，一般来说，更多地食用植物源性食物可能与较低程度的动脉粥样硬化累及有关。
