Grzesik Wojciech J, Narayanan A S
Dental Research Center, CB#7455, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7455, USA.
Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2002;13(6):474-84. doi: 10.1177/154411130201300605.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of cementum resembles other mineralized tissues in composition; however, its physiology is unique, and it contains molecules that have not been detected in other tissues. Cementum components influence the activities of periodontal cells, and they manifest selectivity toward some periodontal cell types over others. In light of emerging evidence that the ECM determines how cells respond to environmental stimuli, we hypothesize that the local environment of the cementum matrix plays a pivotal role in maintaining the homeostasis of cementum under healthy conditions. The structural integrity and biochemical composition of the cementum matrix are severely compromised in periodontal disease, and the provisional matrix generated during periodontal healing is different from that of cementum. We propose that, for new cementum and attachment formation during periodontal regeneration, the local environment must be conducive for the recruitment and function of cementum-forming cells, and that the wound matrix is favorable for repair rather than regeneration. How cementum components may regulate and participate in cementum regeneration, possible new regenerative therapies using these principles, and models of cementoblastic cells are discussed.
牙骨质的细胞外基质（ECM）在组成上与其他矿化组织相似；然而，其生理学特性独特，并且含有在其他组织中未检测到的分子。牙骨质成分会影响牙周细胞的活性，并且它们对某些牙周细胞类型表现出相对于其他类型的选择性。鉴于新出现的证据表明细胞外基质决定细胞如何响应环境刺激，我们推测在健康条件下，牙骨质基质的局部环境在维持牙骨质的稳态中起关键作用。在牙周疾病中，牙骨质基质的结构完整性和生化组成会受到严重损害，并且在牙周愈合过程中产生的临时基质与牙骨质的不同。我们提出，对于牙周再生过程中新牙骨质的形成和附着，局部环境必须有利于牙骨质形成细胞的募集和功能，并且伤口基质有利于修复而非再生。本文讨论了牙骨质成分如何调节和参与牙骨质再生、基于这些原理的可能的新再生疗法以及成牙骨质细胞模型。
