Baker A, Heiler K, Ferguson S A
The Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, 5th Floor, CDRC Building, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville Road, Woodville, South Australia, Australia 5001.
Occup Environ Med. 2003 Jan;60(1):43-9. doi: 10.1136/oem.60.1.43.
The occupational health and safety implications associated with compressed and extended work periods have not been fully explored in the mining sector.
To examine the impact on employee health and safety of changes to the roster system in an Australian coal mine.
Absenteeism and incident frequency rate data were collected over a 33 month period that covered three different roster schedules. Period 1 covered the original 8-hour/7-day roster. Period 2 covered a 12-month period under a 12-hour/7-day schedule, and period 3 covered a 12-month period during which a roster that scheduled shifts only on weekdays, with uncapped overtime on weekends and days off (12-hour/5-day) was in place. Data were collected and analysed from the maintenance, mining, and coal preparation plant (CPP) sectors.
The only significant change in absenteeism rates was an increase in the maintenance sector in the third data collection period. Absenteeism rates in the mining and CPP sectors were not different between data collection periods. The increase in the maintenance sector may be owing to: (1) a greater requirement for maintenance employees to perform overtime as a result of the roster change compared to other employee groups; or (2) greater monotony associated with extended work periods for maintenance employees compared to others. After the first roster change, accident incident frequency decreased in the CPP sector but not in the other sectors. There was no effect on incident frequency after the second roster change in any sector.
The current study did not find significant negative effects of a 12-hour pattern, when compared to an 8-hour system. However, when unregulated and excessive overtime was introduced as part of the 12-hour/5-day roster, absenteeism rates were increased in the maintenance sector. The combination of excessive work hours and lack of consultation with employees regarding the second change may have contributed to the overall negative effects.
采矿业中与压缩工作时间和延长工作时间相关的职业健康与安全影响尚未得到充分研究。
考察澳大利亚一座煤矿排班制度的变化对员工健康与安全的影响。
在33个月的时间段内收集旷工率和事故发生率数据，该时间段涵盖三种不同的排班表。第一阶段涵盖最初的8小时/7天排班表。第二阶段涵盖12小时/7天排班表下的12个月时间段，第三阶段涵盖12个月时间段，在此期间实行仅工作日排班、周末和休息日无上限加班的排班表（12小时/5天）。从维修、采矿和选煤厂（CPP）部门收集并分析数据。
旷工率唯一显著的变化是在第三个数据收集期维修部门旷工率有所上升。采矿和CPP部门在各数据收集期之间的旷工率没有差异。维修部门旷工率上升可能是由于：（1）与其他员工群体相比，排班变化导致维修员工加班需求增加；或（2）与其他员工相比，维修员工延长工作时间带来更大的单调感。第一次排班变化后，CPP部门的事故发生率下降，但其他部门没有。第二次排班变化后，任何部门的事故发生率都没有受到影响。
与8小时制相比，本研究未发现12小时制有显著负面影响。然而，当12小时/5天排班表引入无管制且过度的加班时，维修部门的旷工率上升。过度的工作时长以及在第二次排班变化时未与员工协商，可能共同导致了总体负面影响。
