Llewellyn C D, Linklater K, Bell J, Johnson N W, Warnakulasuriya K A A S
Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Dentistry, King's College London, Denmark Hill Campus, Caldecot Road, London SE5 9RW, UK.
Oral Oncol. 2003 Feb;39(2):106-14. doi: 10.1016/s1368-8375(02)00026-x.
there is, currently, much anecdotal and some epidemiological evidence for a rise in oral cancer rates amongst younger individuals, many of whom have had no exposure to traditional risk factors such as tobacco and heavy alcohol use, or at least not the exposure over decades usually associated with this disease. The probity of this assertion and the presence or absence of traditional risk factors needs further evidence.
this paper describes the demography and the exposure to potential risk factors amongst a cohort aged 45 years and younger, diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity between 1990 and 1997 from the South East of England.
eligible patients registered with a cancer registry were included in this retrospective study. Information was accessed from the database and by a postal questionnaire survey. The self-completed questionnaire contained items about exposure to the following risk factors: tobacco; alcohol; diet; frequency of dental visits and familial cancer.
this is the largest UK epidemiological study so far to be undertaken on young subjects diagnosed with oral cancer. One-hundred and sixteen cases were recruited representing a response rate of 59%. Slightly over 90% of this cohort were classified as white European. A large proportion of cases (40%) were from social classes I & II suggesting either a true social class difference in young cases versus older oral cancer cases or a possible bias in responders or survivors. Risk factors of tobacco use and excessive alcohol consumption were present in the majority (75%) of patients. Significant differences in the pattern of alcohol consumption were found in female subjects, who were less likely to consume over the recommended amounts of alcohol compared with male subjects. Daily regular fresh fruit and vegetable consumption during the ten year period before cancer diagnosis was recorded to be low. There was a distinct subgroup of cases, 26% of the group, that showed little, if any, exposure to any major risk factors.
目前，有许多传闻证据以及一些流行病学证据表明，年轻人群体中口腔癌发病率有所上升，其中许多人并未接触过烟草和大量饮酒等传统风险因素，或者至少没有经历过通常与该疾病相关的数十年的接触。这一说法的真实性以及传统风险因素的存在与否需要进一步的证据。
本文描述了1990年至1997年间在英格兰东南部被诊断为口腔鳞状细胞癌的45岁及以下队列人群的人口统计学特征以及潜在风险因素的暴露情况。
本回顾性研究纳入了在癌症登记处登记的符合条件的患者。信息从数据库中获取，并通过邮寄问卷调查收集。自行填写的问卷包含了关于以下风险因素暴露情况的项目：烟草；酒精；饮食；看牙频率和家族癌症。
这是英国迄今为止针对被诊断为口腔癌的年轻受试者开展的最大规模的流行病学研究。招募了116例病例，回复率为59%。该队列中略超过90%被归类为欧洲白人。很大一部分病例（40%）来自社会阶层I和II，这表明年轻病例与老年口腔癌病例之间可能存在真正的社会阶层差异，或者在应答者或幸存者中可能存在偏差。大多数患者（75%）存在烟草使用和过度饮酒的风险因素。在女性受试者中发现了酒精消费模式的显著差异，与男性受试者相比，女性受试者饮酒超过推荐量的可能性较小。在癌症诊断前的十年期间，每日定期食用新鲜水果和蔬菜的记录较低。有一个明显的病例亚组，占该组的26%，几乎没有接触过任何主要风险因素。
