Rigel Ethan G, Lebwohl Mark G, Rigel Adam C, Rigel Darrell S
Riverdale Country School, New York, NY, USA.
Arch Dermatol. 2003 Jan;139(1):60-2. doi: 10.1001/archderm.139.1.60.
Participation in outdoor alpine sports has been increasing over the last decade. Ultraviolet exposure levels for these activities can be extreme owing to the venue altitudes. The purpose of this study was to measure the levels of UV-A and UV-B radiation exposure incurred by performance skiers in a typical alpine venue and to determine the need for protection in that environment.
Total UV-B exposure ranged from 12 to 185 mJ/cm(2) (0.5-7.6 times the minimum erythemal dose [MED] for individuals with type II skin). Ten percent of subjects received more than 1 MED/h at peak exposure times. Daily UV-A exposure ranged from 10.6 to 28 J/cm( 2) (daily average, 0.55 minimum melanogenic dose).
Alpine skiers with skin types I and II are exposed to measurable erythemal and suberythemal levels of UV radiation repeatedly over the long term at levels that can cause photodamage to their skin and potentially increase their later risk for skin cancer. Programs should be developed to educate skiers regarding the need for UV protection. Given the high levels of exposure noted, skiers should use UV protective measures, including sun-protection factor 30 broad-spectrum sunscreen.
在过去十年中，参与户外高山运动的人数一直在增加。由于运动场地的海拔高度，这些活动中的紫外线暴露水平可能极高。本研究的目的是测量在典型高山场地中，职业滑雪者所遭受的紫外线A和紫外线B辐射暴露水平，并确定在该环境中采取防护措施的必要性。
紫外线B的总暴露量在12至185毫焦/平方厘米之间（对于II型皮肤个体，是最小红斑剂量[MED]的0.5 - 7.6倍）。在暴露高峰时段，10%的受试者每小时接受的紫外线B超过1个MED。紫外线A的每日暴露量在10.6至28焦/平方厘米之间（日平均量为0.55个最小致黑剂量）。
I型和II型皮肤的高山滑雪者长期反复暴露于可测量的紫外线红斑和亚红斑水平，这种暴露水平可能会对他们的皮肤造成光损伤，并可能增加其日后患皮肤癌的风险。应制定相关项目，对滑雪者进行紫外线防护必要性的教育。鉴于所观察到的高暴露水平，滑雪者应采取紫外线防护措施，包括使用防晒系数为30的广谱防晒霜。
