Barceló Alberto, Aedo Cristian, Rajpathak Swapnil, Robles Sylvia
Program on Non-Communicable Diseases, Division of Disease Prevention and Control, Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Bull World Health Organ. 2003;81(1):19-27. Epub 2003 Mar 11.
To measure the economic burden associated with diabetes mellitus in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Prevalence estimates of diabetes for the year 2000 were used to calculated direct and indirect costs of diabetes mellitus. Direct costs included costs due to drugs, hospitalizations, consultations and management of complications. The human capital approach was used to calculate indirect costs and included calculations of forgone earnings due to premature mortality and disability attributed to diabetes mellitus. Mortality and disability attributed to causes other than diabetes were subtracted from estimates to consider only the excess burden due to diabetes. A 3% discount rate was used to convert future earnings to current value.
The annual number of deaths in 2000 caused by diabetes mellitus was estimated at 339,035. This represented a loss of 757,096 discounted years of productive life among persons younger than 65 years (> billion US dollars). Permanent disability caused a loss of 12,699,087 years and over 50 billion US dollars, and temporary disability caused a loss of 136,701 years in the working population and over 763 million US dollars. Costs associated with insulin and oral medications were 4720 million US dollars, hospitalizations 1012 million US dollars, consultations 2508 million US dollars and care for complications 2,480 million US dollars. The total annual cost associated with diabetes was estimated as 65,216 million US dollars (direct 10,721 US dollars; indirect 54,496 US dollars).
Despite limitations of the data, diabetes imposes a high economic burden to individuals and society in all countries and to Latin American and the Caribbean as whole.
衡量拉丁美洲和加勒比地区与糖尿病相关的经济负担。
利用2000年糖尿病患病率估计值计算糖尿病的直接和间接成本。直接成本包括药物、住院、会诊及并发症管理的费用。采用人力资本法计算间接成本，包括因糖尿病导致的过早死亡和残疾而损失的收入计算。将糖尿病以外原因导致的死亡和残疾从估计值中减去，仅考虑糖尿病造成的额外负担。采用3%的贴现率将未来收入换算为现值。
估计2000年糖尿病导致的年死亡人数为339,035人。这意味着65岁以下人群损失了757,096个贴现后的生产寿命年（超过10亿美元）。永久性残疾导致损失12,699,087年和超过500亿美元，临时性残疾导致劳动人口损失136,701年和超过7.63亿美元。胰岛素和口服药物相关成本为47.2亿美元，住院费用10.12亿美元，会诊费用25.08亿美元，并发症护理费用24.8亿美元。糖尿病相关的年度总成本估计为652.16亿美元（直接成本107.21亿美元；间接成本544.96亿美元）。
尽管数据存在局限性，但糖尿病给所有国家以及整个拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的个人和社会都带来了高昂的经济负担。
