Coffman Sherrilyn
Nevada State University, Henderson, NV, USA.
Orthop Nurs. 2003 Jan-Feb;22(1):9-15. doi: 10.1097/00006416-200301000-00005.
Bicycle injuries are the most common cause of serious head injury in children, and most of these injuries are preventable. The protective effect of bicycle helmets is well documented, but many child bicyclists do not wear them. This article summarizes the current state of research on bicycle injuries and helmet use and examines the effectiveness of legislation and injury-prevention strategies. Current studies indicate that children who wear helmets experience fewer head injuries and decreased severity of injury. Community-wide helmet-promotion campaigns combined with legislation are most successful in increasing helmet use and decreasing injury. Nurses can participate both at the institutional level and in community advocacy groups to promote bicycle safety for children.
自行车事故是儿童严重头部受伤的最常见原因，而且这些伤害大多是可以预防的。自行车头盔的保护作用已有充分记录，但许多儿童骑自行车时不戴头盔。本文总结了目前关于自行车伤害和头盔使用的研究现状，并探讨了立法和伤害预防策略的有效性。当前研究表明，戴头盔的儿童头部受伤较少，受伤严重程度也较低。社区范围内的头盔推广活动与立法相结合，在增加头盔使用和减少伤害方面最为成功。护士可以在机构层面和社区宣传团体中参与，以促进儿童自行车安全。
