Novick Jared M, Kim Albert, Trueswell John C
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 3815 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
J Psycholinguist Res. 2003 Jan;32(1):57-75. doi: 10.1023/a:1021985032200.
Two experiments are reported examining the relationship between lexical and syntactic processing during language comprehension, combining techniques common to the on-line study of syntactic ambiguity resolution with priming techniques common to the study of lexical processing. By manipulating grammatical properties of lexical primes, we explore how lexically based knowledge is activated and guides combinatory sentence processing. Particularly, we find that nouns (like verbs, see Trueswell & Kim, 1998) can activate detailed lexically specific syntactic information and that these representations guide the resolution of relevant syntactic ambiguities pertaining to verb argument structure. These findings suggest that certain principles of knowledge representation common to theories of lexical knowledge--such as overlapping and distributed representations--also characterize grammatical knowledge. Additionally, observations from an auditory comprehension study suggest similar conclusions about the lexical nature of parsing in spoken language comprehension. They also suggest that thematic role and syntactic preferences are activated during word recognition and that both influence combinatory processing.
本文报告了两项实验，研究语言理解过程中词汇和句法处理之间的关系，将句法歧义消解在线研究中的常用技术与词汇处理研究中的启动技术相结合。通过操纵词汇启动词的语法属性，我们探索基于词汇的知识是如何被激活并指导组合句处理的。具体而言，我们发现名词（如动词，见Trueswell和Kim，1998）可以激活详细的词汇特定句法信息，并且这些表征指导与动词论元结构相关的句法歧义的消解。这些发现表明，词汇知识理论中常见的某些知识表征原则——如重叠和分布式表征——也表征了语法知识。此外，一项听觉理解研究的观察结果表明，在口语理解中句法分析的词汇性质也有类似结论。这些结果还表明，题元角色和句法偏好会在单词识别过程中被激活，并且两者都会影响组合处理。
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