Wuttke W, Jarry H, Westphalen S, Christoffel V, Seidlová-Wuttke D
Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, University of Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Dec;83(1-5):133-47. doi: 10.1016/s0960-0760(02)00259-5.
Due to some severe side effects "classical" hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is currently being challenged by a therapy with phytoestrogens. Particularly soy and red clover derived isoflavones are advertised as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) with only desired and no undesired estrogenic effects. Evidence that this is the case however is scarce. Most studies investigating climacteric complaints did not find beneficial effects. A proposed beneficial effect on mammary cancer is unproven. The majority of studies however indicate an antiosteoporotic effect of isoflavones, while putative beneficial effects in the cardiovascular system are questionable due to the fact that estradiol which--like isoflavones--increase HDL and decrease LDL concentrations appear not to prevent arteriosclerosis in the human. In the urogenital tract, including the vagina, soy and red clover derived isoflavones are without effects. Cimicifuga racemosa extracts are traditionally used for the treatment of climacteric complaints. Evidence is now available that the yet unknown compounds in Cimicifuga racemosa extracts prevent climacteric complaints and may also have antiosteoporotic effects.
由于一些严重的副作用，“经典”激素替代疗法（HRT）目前正受到植物雌激素疗法的挑战。特别是大豆和红三叶草衍生的异黄酮被宣传为选择性雌激素受体调节剂（SERM），只有期望的雌激素作用而没有不期望的雌激素作用。然而，这种情况的证据很少。大多数调查更年期症状的研究没有发现有益效果。对乳腺癌的拟议有益作用尚未得到证实。然而，大多数研究表明异黄酮具有抗骨质疏松作用，而在心血管系统中的假定有益作用则值得怀疑，因为与异黄酮一样能增加高密度脂蛋白（HDL）并降低低密度脂蛋白（LDL）浓度的雌二醇似乎并不能预防人类的动脉硬化。在包括阴道在内的泌尿生殖道中，大豆和红三叶草衍生的异黄酮没有作用。黑升麻提取物传统上用于治疗更年期症状。现在有证据表明，黑升麻提取物中尚未明确的化合物可预防更年期症状，并且可能还具有抗骨质疏松作用。
