Lecomte Sylvain, Demay Florence, Ferrière François, Pakdel Farzad
Institut de Recherche en Santé-Environnement-Travail (IRSET), UMR 1085 Inserm, TREC Team, University of Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Jun 28;18(7):1381. doi: 10.3390/ijms18071381.
In mammals, the effects of estrogen are mainly mediated by two different estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ. These proteins are members of the nuclear receptor family, characterized by distinct structural and functional domains, and participate in the regulation of different biological processes, including cell growth, survival and differentiation. The two estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes are generated from two distinct genes and have partially distinct expression patterns. Their activities are modulated differently by a range of natural and synthetic ligands. Some of these ligands show agonistic or antagonistic effects depending on ER subtype and are described as selective ER modulators (SERMs). Accordingly, a few phytochemicals, called phytoestrogens, which are synthesized from plants and vegetables, show low estrogenic activity or anti-estrogenic activity with potentially anti-proliferative effects that offer nutraceutical or pharmacological advantages. These compounds may be used as hormonal substitutes or as complements in breast cancer treatments. In this review, we discuss and summarize the in vitro and in vivo effects of certain phytoestrogens and their potential roles in the interaction with estrogen receptors.
在哺乳动物中，雌激素的作用主要由两种不同的雌激素受体ERα和ERβ介导。这些蛋白质是核受体家族的成员，具有独特的结构和功能域，参与包括细胞生长、存活和分化在内的不同生物学过程的调节。两种雌激素受体（ER）亚型由两个不同的基因产生，具有部分不同的表达模式。它们的活性受到一系列天然和合成配体的不同调节。其中一些配体根据ER亚型表现出激动或拮抗作用，被称为选择性ER调节剂（SERM）。因此，一些从植物和蔬菜中合成的植物化学物质，即植物雌激素，表现出低雌激素活性或抗雌激素活性，具有潜在的抗增殖作用，具有营养保健或药理优势。这些化合物可作为激素替代品或用于乳腺癌治疗的补充剂。在本综述中，我们讨论并总结了某些植物雌激素的体外和体内作用及其在与雌激素受体相互作用中的潜在作用。
