Kunar Melina A, Humphreys Glyn W, Smith Kelly J
Behavioural Brain Sciences Centre, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, England, United Kingdom.
Psychol Sci. 2003 Mar;14(2):181-5. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.t01-1-01439.
Visual search for a conjunction target is made easier when distractor items are temporally segregated over time to produce two separate old and new groups (the new group containing the target item). The benefit of presenting half the distractors first is known as the preview effect. Recently some researchers have argued that the preview effect occurs because new stimuli capture attention. This account was tested in the present study by using a novel "top-up" condition that exploits the fact that when previews appear only briefly before the search display, there is minimal preview benefit. We show that effects of a brief preview can be "topped up" by an earlier exposure of the same items, even when the preview disappears between its first and second presentations. This top-up effect demonstrates that the history of the old stimuli is important for the preview benefit, contrary to the account favoring onset capture. We discuss alternative accounts of how the preview benefit arises.
当干扰项随着时间在时间上被分隔开，以产生两个单独的旧组和新组（新组包含目标项）时，对联合目标的视觉搜索会变得更容易。先呈现一半干扰项的好处被称为预览效应。最近，一些研究人员认为预览效应的出现是因为新刺激吸引了注意力。在本研究中，通过使用一种新颖的“补充”条件对这一观点进行了测试，该条件利用了这样一个事实：当预览在搜索显示之前仅短暂出现时，预览益处最小。我们表明，即使预览在其第一次和第二次呈现之间消失，同一项目的早期暴露也可以“补充”短暂预览的效果。这种补充效应表明，旧刺激的历史对预览益处很重要，这与支持起始捕获的观点相反。我们讨论了预览益处产生的其他解释。
