O'dea Jennifer A
Department of Education, University of Sydney, Australia. j.o'
J Am Diet Assoc. 2003 Apr;103(4):497-501. doi: 10.1053/jada.2003.50064.
The goal was to have children and adolescents identify and rank the major perceived benefits of and barriers to healthful eating and physical activity and to suggest strategies for overcoming barriers. Semistructured, in-depth focus groups were undertaken using standardized questions and prompts. Students in grades 2 through 11(ages 7 through 17; N=213) from 34 randomly selected schools participated in 38 focus groups. Major benefits of healthful eating included improvements to cognitive and physical performance, fitness, endurance, psychological benefits, physical sensation (feeling good physically), and production of energy. Barriers included convenience, taste, and social factors. Benefits of physical activity included social benefits, enhancement of psychological status, physical sensation, and sports performance. Barriers included a preference for indoor activities, lack of energy and motivation, time constraints, and social factors. Suggested strategies for overcoming barriers included support from parents and school staff, better planning, time management, self-motivation, education, restructuring the physical environment, and greater variety of physical activities.
目标是让儿童和青少年识别并排列出健康饮食和体育活动的主要感知益处及障碍，并提出克服障碍的策略。使用标准化问题和提示开展了半结构化的深度焦点小组访谈。来自34所随机挑选学校的2至11年级（7至17岁；N = 213）的学生参加了38个焦点小组。健康饮食的主要益处包括认知和身体表现的改善、健康状况、耐力、心理益处、身体感觉（身体感觉良好）以及能量产生。障碍包括便利性、口味和社会因素。体育活动的益处包括社会益处、心理状态的提升、身体感觉和运动表现。障碍包括对室内活动的偏好、缺乏精力和动力、时间限制以及社会因素。提出的克服障碍的策略包括父母和学校工作人员的支持、更好的规划、时间管理、自我激励、教育、重新构建物理环境以及增加体育活动的种类。
