Walsh Jennifer R, White Adrienne A, Greaney Mary L
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
Nutr Res. 2009 Jun;29(6):371-8. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.04.002.
Healthful eating and physical activity are important for healthy weight maintenance. The hypothesis for this study was that college-aged men would perceive factors affecting eating and physical activity as both contributing to and inhibiting healthy weight maintenance. The overall objective was to explore how men view weight maintenance in the context of these aspects. Subjects (n = 47, mean age = 20.3 +/- 1.7 years) completed an online survey, including the 51-item Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, and participated in 1 of 6 focus groups. Three face-to-face and 3 online synchronous groups were conducted using a 15-question discussion guide to identify weight maintenance issues around eating, physical activity, and body perceptions. Weight satisfaction decreased with increase in both dietary restraint and disinhibition. Number of attempts to lose weight was positively associated with BMI (r [44] = .465, P = .01) and dietary restraint (r [44] = .515, P = .01). Findings from both focus group formats were similar. Motivators (sports performance/fitness, self-esteem, attractiveness, long-term health) were similar for eating healthfully and being physically active; however, more motivators to be physically active than to eat healthfully emerged. Enablers for eating healthfully included liking the taste, availability of healthful foods, using food rules to guide intake, having a habit of healthful eating, and internal drive/will. Barriers to healthful eating included fat in dairy foods, fruit and vegetable taste, and quick spoilage. Barriers to being physically active included lack of time/time management, obligations, being lazy, and girlfriends. Results may be used to inform future obesity prevention interventions.
健康饮食和体育活动对于维持健康体重至关重要。本研究的假设是，大学年龄的男性会认为影响饮食和体育活动的因素既有助于维持健康体重，也会对其产生抑制作用。总体目标是探讨男性在这些方面如何看待体重维持。受试者（n = 47，平均年龄 = 20.3 +/- 1.7岁）完成了一项在线调查，包括51项三因素饮食问卷，并参加了6个焦点小组中的1个。使用一份包含15个问题的讨论指南进行了3个面对面小组和3个在线同步小组讨论，以确定围绕饮食、体育活动和身体认知的体重维持问题。体重满意度随着饮食节制和去抑制的增加而降低。减肥尝试次数与BMI呈正相关（r [44] = .465，P = .01），与饮食节制也呈正相关（r [44] = .515，P = .01）。两种焦点小组形式的结果相似。健康饮食和体育活动的动机（运动表现/健康、自尊、吸引力、长期健康）相似；然而，体育活动的动机比健康饮食的动机更多。健康饮食的促成因素包括喜欢食物的味道、健康食品的可得性、使用饮食规则来指导摄入量、有健康饮食的习惯以及内在动力/意志力。健康饮食的障碍包括乳制品中的脂肪、水果和蔬菜的味道以及容易变质。体育活动的障碍包括缺乏时间/时间管理、义务、懒惰和女朋友。研究结果可用于为未来的肥胖预防干预措施提供参考。
