Obeling Lise, Poulsen Torben
Department of Acoustic Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
Noise Health. 1999;1(2):43-49.
The audiograms of fifty-seven musicians from four Danish symphony orchestras were determined in connection with an interview about their working experience. Measurements of sound levels and noise dose were performed during rehearsal and during concerts in the four orchestras with the measurement equipment placed in various instrument groups. The average audiogram showed a decrease at higher frequencies similar to an age-related hearing loss. Each audiogram was corrected for the age of the person by means of the median from ISO 7029 and the average audiogram from these age-corrected individual audiograms showed no signs of hearing loss. The audiograms were also compared to the expected audiograms from ISO 1999, which takes account of the number of years at work, the number of playing hours per week, and the average sound level in the orchestra for the instrument group. In almost all cases the measured audiograms looked better than the predictions from ISO 1999. It may be concluded from this investigation that musicians cannot be expected to get pronounced audiometric hearing losses from playing in a symphony orchestra. It should be noted, though, that the data material is limited, and that the subjects have not been selected in a systematically or representative way.
在对来自四个丹麦交响乐团的57名音乐家进行工作经历访谈的同时，测定了他们的听力图。使用放置在不同乐器组中的测量设备，在四个乐团的排练和音乐会期间进行了声级和噪声剂量的测量。平均听力图显示在较高频率处有所下降，类似于与年龄相关的听力损失。通过ISO 7029的中位数对每个人的年龄进行听力图校正，这些经年龄校正的个体听力图的平均听力图未显示听力损失迹象。还将这些听力图与ISO 1999预期的听力图进行了比较，ISO 1999考虑了工作年限、每周演奏时长以及乐器组在乐团中的平均声级。在几乎所有情况下，实测听力图看起来都比ISO 1999的预测结果要好。从这项调查可以得出结论，不能预期音乐家在交响乐团演奏会导致明显的听力测量听力损失。不过，应该注意的是，数据材料有限，而且受试者并非以系统或有代表性的方式选取。
