Butaye Patrick, Devriese Luc A, Haesebrouck Freddy
Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003 Apr;16(2):175-88. doi: 10.1128/CMR.16.2.175-188.2003.
There are not many data available on antibiotics used solely in animals and almost exclusively for growth promotion. These products include bambermycin, avilamycin, efrotomycin, and the ionophore antibiotics (monensin, salinomycin, narasin, and lasalocid). Information is also scarce for bacitracin used only marginally in human and veterinary medicine and for streptogramin antibiotics. The mechanisms of action of and resistance mechanisms against these antibiotics are described. Special emphasis is given to the prevalence of resistance among gram-positive bacteria isolated from animals and humans. Since no susceptibility breakpoints are available for most of the antibiotics discussed, an alternative approach to the interpretation of MICs is presented. Also, some pharmacokinetic data and information on the influence of these products on the intestinal flora are presented.
关于仅用于动物且几乎完全用于促进生长的抗生素,可获得的数据不多。这些产品包括杆菌肽锌、阿维拉霉素、埃弗罗霉素以及离子载体抗生素(莫能菌素、盐霉素、那拉菌素和拉沙洛西)。仅在人类和兽医学中少量使用的杆菌肽以及链阳性菌素类抗生素的信息也很匮乏。描述了这些抗生素的作用机制和耐药机制。特别强调了从动物和人类中分离出的革兰氏阳性菌的耐药性流行情况。由于所讨论的大多数抗生素没有药敏断点,因此提出了一种解释 MIC 的替代方法。此外,还提供了一些药代动力学数据以及这些产品对肠道菌群影响的信息。