Henao-Restrepo Ana-Maria, Strebel Peter, John Hoekstra Edward, Birmingham Maureen, Bilous Julian
Department of Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
J Infect Dis. 2003 May 15;187 Suppl 1:S15-21. doi: 10.1086/368273.
Worldwide during the 1980s remarkable progress was made in controlling measles through increasing routine measles vaccination to nearly 80%. In 2000, an estimated 777,000 measles deaths occurred, of which 452,000 were in the African Region of the World Health Organization (WHO). In 2001, WHO and the United Nations Children's Fund published a 5-year strategic plan to reduce measles mortality by half by 2005. Strategies include providing a second opportunity for measles immunization to all children through nationwide supplementary immunization activities, increasing routine vaccination coverage, and improving surveillance with laboratory confirmation of suspected measles cases. In 2000, over 100 million children received a dose of measles vaccine through supplementary immunization activities, a number projected to increase during 2002-2005. Current systems for monitoring measles vaccination coverage and disease burden must be improved to accurately assess progress toward measles control goals.
在20世纪80年代，全球通过将常规麻疹疫苗接种率提高到近80%，在控制麻疹方面取得了显著进展。2000年，估计有77.7万例麻疹死亡病例，其中45.2万例发生在世界卫生组织（WHO）非洲区域。2001年，WHO和联合国儿童基金会发布了一项5年战略计划，目标是到2005年将麻疹死亡率降低一半。战略包括通过全国性补充免疫活动为所有儿童提供第二次麻疹免疫机会、提高常规疫苗接种覆盖率，以及加强监测并通过实验室确诊疑似麻疹病例。2000年，超过1亿儿童通过补充免疫活动接种了一剂麻疹疫苗，预计这一数字在2002年至2005年期间还会增加。必须改进当前监测麻疹疫苗接种覆盖率和疾病负担的系统，以准确评估在实现麻疹控制目标方面取得的进展。
