Harriott Vicki J
School of Environmental Science and Management, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia.
Ambio. 2003 Mar;32(2):130-3. doi: 10.1579/0044-7447-32.2.130.
The international trade in corals has been identified as a potential cause of localized depletion of coral populations in the major coral-exporting countries. The international coral trade is regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) agreement, which requires that export of corals is not detrimental to the species. The primary coral importing regions (USA and Europe) have threatened to limit or ban coral imports unless sustainable practices can be demonstrated. The spatial and temporal scale at which sustainability is defined is important in evaluating sustainability, e.g. at geological, regional or local scales. Other major issues are: the ecology of the target species; management options including provision of no-take areas; and the potential for coral culture. Implementation of practices that enhance ecological sustainability in the coral harvest fishery is possible, but may be difficult in some developing countries because of limited natural-resource management capacity.
珊瑚的国际贸易已被认定为主要珊瑚出口国珊瑚种群局部枯竭的一个潜在原因。国际珊瑚贸易受《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》（CITES）协定监管，该协定要求珊瑚出口不得对物种造成损害。主要的珊瑚进口地区（美国和欧洲）已威胁要限制或禁止珊瑚进口，除非能证明有可持续的做法。在评估可持续性时，定义可持续性的空间和时间尺度很重要，例如在地质、区域或地方尺度上。其他主要问题包括：目标物种的生态；管理选项，包括设立禁捕区；以及珊瑚养殖的潜力。在珊瑚捕捞渔业中实施提高生态可持续性的做法是可行的，但在一些发展中国家，由于自然资源管理能力有限，可能会面临困难。
