Zwerling Craig, Whitten Paul S, Sprince Nancy L, Davis Charles S, Wallace Robert B, Blanck Peter, Heeringa Steven G
University of Iowa, College of Public Health, 100 Oakdale Campus, #126 IREH, Iowa City, IA 52242-5000, USA.
J Occup Environ Med. 2003 May;45(5):517-25. doi: 10.1097/01.jom.0000063623.37065.b4.
As American workers age, workers with impairments and functional limitations make up a larger percentage of our workforce. This investigation presents data from the National Health Interview Survey Disability Supplement 1994-1995 (NHIS-D) describing the nature of workplace accommodations in the American workforce and factors associated with the provision of such accommodations. Of a nationally representative sample of workers aged 18 to 69 years with a wide range of impairments, 12% reported receiving workplace accommodations. Males (odds ratio (OR) 0.64: 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53-0.78) and Southerners (OR 0.57; 95% CI = 0.47-0.70) were less likely than others to receive workplace accommodations. Those with mental health conditions were less likely than others to receive accommodations (OR 0.56; 95% CI = 0.44-0.70). College graduates (OR 1.53; 95% CI = 1.22-1.91), older workers, full time workers (OR 3.99; 95% CI = 2.63-3.87), and the self-employed (OR 1.76; 95% CI = 1.28-2.41) were more likely than others to receive accommodations.
随着美国劳动者年龄的增长，有损伤和功能受限的劳动者在劳动力大军中所占比例越来越大。本调查展示了来自1994 - 1995年全国健康访谈调查残疾补充部分（NHIS - D）的数据，这些数据描述了美国劳动力中工作场所合理便利措施的性质以及与提供此类便利措施相关的因素。在一个具有全国代表性的18至69岁、有各种损伤的劳动者样本中，12%的人报告称获得了工作场所的合理便利措施。男性（优势比（OR）为0.64；95%置信区间（CI）为0.53 - 0.78）和南方人（OR为0.57；95% CI = 0.47 - 0.70）获得工作场所合理便利措施的可能性低于其他人。患有精神健康问题的人获得合理便利措施的可能性低于其他人（OR为0.56；95% CI = 0.44 - 0.70）。大学毕业生（OR为1.53；95% CI = 1.22 - 1.91）、年长劳动者、全职劳动者（OR为3.99；95% CI = 2.63 - 3.87）以及个体经营者（OR为1.76；95% CI = 1.28 - 2.41）获得合理便利措施的可能性高于其他人。
