Barcohana Nazonine, Duperon Donald F, Yashar Mahrokh
University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
J Dent Child (Chic). 2003 Jan-Apr;70(1):51-4.
This study compared the efficacy of 5% Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics (EMLA) cream at application times of 3 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes to determine the most effective duration of topical anesthetic application on normal mucosa. A special instrument was used to apply pressure on the gingiva to obtain a threshold discomfort level in grams before and after the topical delivery.
Twenty mL of EMLA cream or a placebo was placed on the maxillary anteriorregion using Beckman paper wicks in the form of discs. The gingiva was wiped dry to get the most effective absorption result. The discs were left on the gingiva for 3, 5, or 10 minutes and off for another 3 minutes. The instrument applied pressure progressively, and the pressure application was stopped when the subjects reported the initial feeling of discomfort.
The results indicated that 5% EMLA cream significantly reduced the pain threshold level with 3-, 5-, and 10-minute application times. There was no significant difference among the different durations of 5% EMLA application.
Use of 5% EMLA could be especially beneficial to pediatric patients and young adults who are needle phobic. Development of an EMLA patch with the proper pediatric dosages to prevent possible overdosage and side effects should be the aim of future research.
本研究比较了局部麻醉药的5% 复方利多卡因(EMLA)乳膏在3分钟、5分钟和10分钟的涂抹时间下的疗效,以确定在正常黏膜上局部麻醉药涂抹的最有效持续时间。使用一种特殊仪器对牙龈施加压力,以获取局部给药前后以克为单位的阈值不适水平。
使用圆盘状的贝克曼纸芯将20毫升EMLA乳膏或安慰剂置于上颌前部区域。擦干牙龈以获得最有效的吸收效果。将纸芯留在牙龈上3、5或10分钟,然后取下3分钟。仪器逐渐施加压力,当受试者报告最初的不适感觉时停止施加压力。
结果表明,5% EMLA乳膏在3分钟、5分钟和10分钟的涂抹时间下均显著降低了疼痛阈值水平。5% EMLA不同涂抹持续时间之间无显著差异。
5% EMLA的使用对害怕打针的儿科患者和年轻人可能特别有益。开发具有适当儿科剂量以防止可能的过量用药和副作用的EMLA贴片应是未来研究的目标。