5%复方利多卡因乳膏用于口腔黏膜的药代动力学。
Pharmacokinetics of EMLA cream 5% application to oral mucosa.
作者信息
Vickers E R, Marzbani N, Gerzina T M, McLean C, Punnia-Moorthy A, Mather L
机构信息
Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
出版信息
Anesth Prog. 1997 Winter;44(1):32-7.
Abstract
Plasma concentrations of lidocaine and prilocaine were measured following the application of a 5% eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) topical anesthetic cream to the oral mucosa of twelve subjects. For each subject, a total of 8 g of EMLA was occluded to 18 cm2 of buccal mucosa for 30 min. Analysis was carried out by high-pressure liquid chromatography, and results showed peak concentrations at 40 min for lidocaine and prilocaine. The maximum concentration measured in any subject was 418 ng/ml for lidocaine and 223 ng/ml for prilocaine, well below known toxic levels. No adverse local effects were observed from a 30-min application of EMLA. A follow-up pilot study assessing the clinical efficacy of EMLA for achieving sufficient analgesia for restorative procedures showed that the cream was successful in 75% of subjects tested.
摘要
在12名受试者的口腔黏膜上涂抹5%局部麻醉药复方制剂（EMLA）外用麻醉乳膏后，测量了利多卡因和丙胺卡因的血浆浓度。对于每名受试者，将总共8 g的EMLA覆盖在18 cm²的颊黏膜上30分钟。采用高压液相色谱法进行分析，结果显示利多卡因和丙胺卡因在40分钟时达到峰值浓度。在任何受试者中测得的最大浓度，利多卡因为418 ng/ml，丙胺卡因为223 ng/ml，远低于已知的中毒水平。应用EMLA 30分钟未观察到局部不良反应。一项评估EMLA在修复手术中实现充分镇痛的临床疗效的后续初步研究表明，该乳膏在75%的受试对象中取得了成功。
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