Roghani S, Duperon D F, Barcohana N
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Pediatr Dent. 1999 May-Jun;21(3):197-200.
This study compared the efficacy of commonly used topical anesthetics using an objective measuring scale.
The following were tested: 5% EMLA cream, 10% cocaine, 10% lidocaine, 10% benzocaine, 1% dyclonine, and a placebo. A special instrument was designed to serve the purpose of pressure application on the gingiva to obtain a threshold discomfort level in grams before and after the topical delivery. The medicaments, in the quantity of 20 microL (2-3 drops) were placed on the maxillary anterior region using Beckman paper wicks in the form of discs. The topical anesthetics were left on the gingiva for 3 min and off for another 3 min. The instrument applied pressure progressively, and the pressure application was stopped when the subjects reported the initial feeling of discomfort.
5% EMLA cream significantly reduced the pain threshold level followed by 1% dyclonine and 10% benzocaine. However, there was no significant difference between 10% cocaine, 10% lidocaine, and the placebo. The placebo effect was observed.
5% EMLA cream was superior in performance to all other topical anesthetics. The remainder of the agents had no statistically different effect than the saline.
本研究使用客观测量量表比较常用局部麻醉剂的疗效。
测试了以下几种：5%复方利多卡因乳膏、10%可卡因、10%利多卡因、10%苯佐卡因、1%达克罗宁和一种安慰剂。设计了一种特殊仪器，用于对牙龈施加压力，以获取局部给药前后以克为单位的阈值不适水平。将20微升（2 - 3滴）药物以圆盘状的贝克曼纸芯放置在上颌前部区域。局部麻醉剂在牙龈上放置3分钟，然后移除3分钟。仪器逐渐施加压力，当受试者报告最初的不适感觉时停止施加压力。
5%复方利多卡因乳膏显著降低了疼痛阈值水平，其次是1%达克罗宁和10%苯佐卡因。然而，10%可卡因、10%利多卡因和安慰剂之间没有显著差异。观察到了安慰剂效应。
5%复方利多卡因乳膏的性能优于所有其他局部麻醉剂。其余药物与生理盐水相比没有统计学上的显著差异。
