Nonaka Hiroko, Akima Michio, Nagayama Tadashi, Hatori Tsutomu, Zhang Zean, Ihara Fumie
Department of Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Neuropathology. 2003 Jun;23(2):129-35. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1789.2003.00487.x.
In the present study, the human cerebral meninges were rich in blood vessels, but no capillaries were noted. The meningeal arteries ran over the veins where they crossed. Several arterial anastomoses existed on the cortical surface. The meningeal arteries were classified into four parts; the conducting artery approximately 700 microm in diameter, distributing artery approximately 200 microm in diameter, precortical artery approximately 60 microm in diameter and cortical artery approximately 30-40 microm in diameter. A single distributing artery supplied the area of approximately 3.5 x 2.0 mm on the brain surface. They further ramified into precortical arteries which stemmed cortical arteries. These precortical arteries had the distributing area of 1 mm2 and this distributing area was the same size as the width of human ocular dominant column of the visual cortex. Constriction, like a sphincter, was observed at the bifurcation of the distributing arteries. The cerebral blood vessels, which regulated the blood flow and reacted to autonomic nerve stimuli, seemed to correspond to the distributing arteries.
在本研究中，人类大脑脑膜血管丰富，但未发现毛细血管。脑膜动脉在与静脉交叉处从静脉上方经过。皮质表面存在几处动脉吻合。脑膜动脉分为四个部分：直径约700微米的传导动脉、直径约200微米的分布动脉、直径约60微米的皮质前动脉和直径约30 - 40微米的皮质动脉。一条单一的分布动脉供应脑表面约3.5×2.0毫米的区域。它们进一步分支形成皮质前动脉，皮质前动脉又衍生出皮质动脉。这些皮质前动脉的分布面积为1平方毫米，且该分布面积与视觉皮质中人类眼优势柱的宽度大小相同。在分布动脉的分支处观察到类似括约肌的收缩。调节血流并对自主神经刺激作出反应的脑血管似乎与分布动脉相对应。
