Lakhanpal Rohit R, Yanai Douglas, Weiland James D, Fujii Gildo Y, Caffey Sean, Greenberg Robert J, de Juan Eugene, Humayun Mark S
Intraocular Retinal Prosthesis (IRP) Group, Doheny Retina Institute, Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2003 Jun;14(3):122-7. doi: 10.1097/00055735-200306000-00002.
Visual prostheses are based on neuronal electrical stimulation at different locations along the visual pathway (ie, cortical, optic nerve, epiretinal, subretinal). In terms of retinal prostheses, advances in microtechnology have allowed for the development of sophisticated, high-density integrated circuit devices that may be implanted either in the subretinal or epiretinal space. Analogous to the cochlear implants for some forms of deafness, these devices could restore useful vision by converting visual information into patterns of electrical stimulation that would excite the remaining spared inner retinal neurons in patients with diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. The different types of implants and recent results are discussed, but special emphasis is given to retinal implants.
视觉假体基于沿视觉通路不同位置（即皮层、视神经、视网膜上、视网膜下）的神经元电刺激。就视网膜假体而言，微技术的进步使得开发复杂的高密度集成电路设备成为可能，这些设备可以植入视网膜下或视网膜上空间。类似于用于某些形式耳聋的人工耳蜗，这些设备可以通过将视觉信息转换为电刺激模式来恢复有用的视力，从而激发患有色素性视网膜炎和年龄相关性黄斑变性等疾病患者剩余的未受损视网膜内神经元。文中讨论了不同类型的植入物和近期结果，但特别强调了视网膜植入物。
