Kirsner Beth R, Figueredo Aurelio José, Jacobs W Jake
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, PO Box 210068, Tucson, AZ 85721-0068, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2003 Jul;75(2):131-48. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00048-4.
We used an economic model based on evolutionary theory to guide an examination of relations among self-reported depressive symptoms and ratings of mate values of self, social, and sexual partners. This model treats assortative mating as a form of social exchange between partners of socially and sexually desirable traits.
Two studies used variants of the Mate Value Inventory (MVI), a multivariate assessment of attributes desired in social or sexual partners. For study 1, 115 male and 124 female undergraduates provided self reports on four forms of the MVI-11 and on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); for study 2, 208 male and 277 female undergraduates provided self reports on seven forms of the MVI-7 and on the BDI-II.
Both multisample structural equations models indicated that the parameters were statistically equivalent between female and male subsamples and provided an adequate fit to the data. The models revealed significant relations between the mate values ascribed to the self and those ascribed to short- and long-term partners as well as best friends. Furthermore, greater BDI scores significantly predicted lesser ratings of mate value for the self, and hence indirectly predicted lesser ratings of mate value for all types of partners evaluated.
Although the data obtained from the MVI demonstrated good psychometric validity, external validity has not yet been established.
The results are consistent with models predicting: (1) assortative mating by mate value, (2) differential exchange rates of mate value for different types of partners, (3) a negative relation between depressive symptoms and assessment of one's own mate value, and (4) a possibly consequential mismatch of mate values when one partner exhibits or recovers from significant depressive symptoms. The results are inconsistent with models predicting (5) a generalized negativity bias due to depression.
我们使用了一种基于进化理论的经济模型，以指导对自我报告的抑郁症状与自我、社交和性伴侣的配偶价值评级之间关系的考察。该模型将选型交配视为具有社会和性吸引力特征的伴侣之间的一种社会交换形式。
两项研究使用了配偶价值量表（MVI）的变体，这是一种对社交或性伴侣中期望属性的多变量评估。在研究1中，115名男性和124名女性本科生提供了关于MVI - 11的四种形式以及贝克抑郁量表（BDI）的自我报告；在研究2中，208名男性和277名女性本科生提供了关于MVI - 7的七种形式以及BDI - II的自我报告。
两个多样本结构方程模型均表明，女性和男性子样本之间的参数在统计上是等效的，并且对数据提供了充分的拟合。模型揭示了归因于自我的配偶价值与归因于短期和长期伴侣以及最好朋友的配偶价值之间的显著关系。此外，更高的BDI分数显著预测了自我配偶价值评级较低，因此间接预测了所评估的所有类型伴侣的配偶价值评级较低。
尽管从MVI获得的数据显示出良好的心理测量效度，但尚未确立外部效度。
结果与以下模型预测一致：（1）按配偶价值进行选型交配；（2）不同类型伴侣的配偶价值差异交换率；（3）抑郁症状与对自身配偶价值评估之间的负相关关系；（4）当一方表现出明显抑郁症状或从明显抑郁症状中恢复时，配偶价值可能存在的相应不匹配。结果与预测（5）因抑郁导致的普遍消极偏差的模型不一致。
