Muldoon Orla T, Reilly Jacqueline
School of Psychology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK.
J Adv Nurs. 2003 Jul;43(1):93-100. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02676.x.
Gendered views of nursing remain widespread. This study explores how such views may influence student nurses' career aspirations.
A group of preregistration student nurses completed a questionnaire distributed early in their first year of study of a 3 year Higher Diploma in Nursing. Data were gathered on career aspirations and the perceived gendered nature of a number of career options. Gender role orientation and occupational and academic self-efficacy were also measured using the Bem Sex Role Inventory and an adaptation of the Betz and Hackett Self-Efficacy Scale.
The results document the relative popularity of each specialism within nursing and students' perceptions of the gendered nature of each of the various nurse careers. Differences in these perceptions as related to gender and gender role identity are also outlined. Gender and gender role orientation were found to be predictive of sex-typed career aspirations only.
The psychological barriers that exist for both men and women as they pursue careers in nursing need to be addressed if the current shortage of nursing personnel across the United Kingdom (UK) is to be solved.
对护理工作带有性别色彩的看法仍然普遍存在。本研究探讨了此类看法可能如何影响护生的职业抱负。
一组预注册护生完成了一份问卷，该问卷在他们三年制护理高级文凭课程学习的第一年早期发放。收集了有关职业抱负以及对一些职业选择的性别属性认知的数据。还使用贝姆性别角色量表以及对贝茨和哈克特自我效能量表的改编版本测量了性别角色取向以及职业和学业自我效能。
结果记录了护理专业内各专科的相对受欢迎程度以及学生对各类护士职业性别属性的认知。还概述了与性别和性别角色认同相关的这些认知差异。发现性别和性别角色取向仅能预测具有性别类型化的职业抱负。
如果要解决英国目前护理人员短缺的问题，就需要消除男性和女性在追求护理职业过程中存在的心理障碍。
