Macdonald H M, New S A, Campbell M K, Reid D M
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Medical School Buildings, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 Jun;27(6):669-76. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802283.
To investigate whether energy intake or energy expenditure affects 5-7 y weight gain in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women, and whether hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use or dietary calcium (Ca) intake are contributory factors.
Longitudinal, observational study of healthy women around the menopause.
A total of 1064 initially premenopausal women, selected from a random population of 5119 women aged 45-54 y at baseline. In all, 907 women (85.2%) returned 6.3+/-0.6 y later for repeat measurements. Of these, 36% were postmenopausal (no HRT) and 45% had taken HRT, and 898 women completed the questionnaires.
Weight, height, estimation of energy intake by food frequency questionnaire and physical activity level (PAL) by questionnaire.
Change in PAL influenced weight change explaining 4.4% (P=0.001) of the variation. Alterations in dietary energy intake also had a small but significant effect (0.6% P=0.013). Dietary Ca intake had no effect on weight or weight change.
Mean weight had increased and was influenced more by reduced energy expenditure rather than increased energy intake. HRT and dietary Ca intake did not influence weight gain.
探讨能量摄入或能量消耗是否会影响围绝经期和绝经后早期女性5至7年的体重增加，以及激素替代疗法（HRT）的使用或膳食钙（Ca）摄入是否为促成因素。
对绝经前后健康女性进行纵向观察研究。
共有1064名最初处于绝经前的女性，从5119名年龄在45至54岁的随机人群中选取作为基线。总共907名女性（85.2%）在6.3±0.6年后返回进行重复测量。其中，36%为绝经后（未使用HRT），45%曾使用HRT，898名女性完成了问卷调查。
体重、身高，通过食物频率问卷估计能量摄入，并通过问卷评估身体活动水平（PAL）。
PAL的变化影响体重变化，解释了4.4%（P = 0.001）的变异。膳食能量摄入的改变也有微小但显著的影响（0.6%，P = 0.013）。膳食钙摄入对体重或体重变化没有影响。
平均体重增加，且更多地受到能量消耗减少而非能量摄入增加的影响。HRT和膳食钙摄入不影响体重增加。
