Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Curr Obes Rep. 2024 Jun;13(2):352-363. doi: 10.1007/s13679-024-00555-2. Epub 2024 Feb 28.
To summarize the evidence and clinical implications of weight and body composition changes during midlife in women and provide an overview of weight gain prevention and management in this population.
Aging-related changes such as decreased energy expenditure and physical activity are important culprits for weight gain in midlife women. The hormonal changes of menopause also influence body adiposity distribution and increase central adiposity. These body changes can have health consequences including the development of cardiometabolic diseases, osteoarthritis, cancer, worsening in cognition, mental health, and menopause symptoms. Midlife women experience changes related to aging, menopause, and lifestyle which favor weight gain. Clinical practice should focus on early counseling and anticipatory guidance on the importance of dietary changes and physical activity to attenuate this phenomenon. Future research should focus on the longitudinal relationship between weight trends in midlife and health consequences and mortality.
总结中年女性体重和身体成分变化的证据和临床意义，并概述该人群的体重增加预防和管理。
与衰老相关的变化，如能量消耗和体力活动减少，是中年女性体重增加的重要原因。绝经后的激素变化也影响身体脂肪分布，增加中心性肥胖。这些身体变化会产生健康后果，包括心血管代谢疾病、骨关节炎、癌症的发展，认知、心理健康和更年期症状的恶化。中年女性经历与衰老、绝经和生活方式相关的变化，这些变化有利于体重增加。临床实践应侧重于早期咨询和预期指导，强调饮食改变和体力活动的重要性，以减轻这种现象。未来的研究应侧重于中年体重趋势与健康后果和死亡率之间的纵向关系。
