Hilderbrand Richard L, Wanninger Richard, Bowers Larry D
United States Anti-Doping Agency, 2550 Tenderfoot Hills Street, Suite 200, Colorado Springs, CO 80906, USA.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2003 Aug;2(4):226-32. doi: 10.1249/00149619-200308000-00010.
Doping control for national- and international-level athletes has undergone major changes in the past few years, and will continue to change at an accelerated rate. National antidoping organizations (NADOs) such as the United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) are being established by major nations to work with national governing bodies of sport. The World Anti-Doping Agency has been established to coordinate worldwide antidoping efforts with the NADOs and international federations of sport, and to implement a recently drafted World Anti-Doping code, which clarifies the definition of doping and establishes procedures to harmonize international efforts in sample collection process, testing laboratory accreditation, result reporting, and result adjudication. A number of substances and methods currently used in doping present serious challenges to the scientific community, and are described briefly. In addition, brief descriptions of other issues of significance to doping control, including the role of physicians in doping and the operation of the USADA, are presented.
在过去几年中，针对国家级和国际级运动员的兴奋剂检测发生了重大变化，并且将继续加速变革。诸如美国反兴奋剂机构（USADA）这样的国家反兴奋剂组织（NADOs）正由主要国家设立，以便与国家体育管理机构合作。世界反兴奋剂机构已经成立，旨在与国家反兴奋剂组织和国际体育联合会协调全球反兴奋剂工作，并实施最近起草的《世界反兴奋剂条例》，该条例明确了兴奋剂的定义，并确立了在样本采集过程、检测实验室认证、结果报告和结果裁决方面协调国际工作的程序。目前在兴奋剂使用中采用的一些物质和方法给科学界带来了严峻挑战，本文将对其进行简要描述。此外，还将简要介绍其他对兴奋剂检测具有重要意义的问题，包括医生在兴奋剂问题中的作用以及美国反兴奋剂机构的运作情况。
