Gaydos Charlotte A, Howell M René, Quinn Thomas C, McKee Kelly T, Gaydos Joel C
Infectious Disease Division, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Sex Transm Dis. 2003 Jul;30(7):539-44. doi: 10.1097/00007435-200307000-00002.
Chlamydia trachomatis infections are prevalent among young sexually active females, have serious sequelae, and are mostly asymptomatic. Screening and treatment of infected females has been demonstrated to prevent sequelae such as pelvic inflammatory disease.
To assess prevalence and risk factors for chlamydia infection in US Army female recruits, whether these changed over time, and to examine variables contributing to any observed patterns.
Prevalence study of 23,010 non-healthcare-seeking female Army recruits enrolled in a chlamydia screening program at Fort Jackson, SC, from January 1996 through June 1999. Each of the 4-year cohorts was examined separately for prevalence and risk factors.
Urine-based testing for C trachomatis by ligase chain reaction was used to determine prevalence, and questionnaires were used to collect demographic and risk information. State home of record for each recruit was transformed into Public Health reporting region: West, Midwest, South, Northeast, and Territories.
Prevalence for all years was 9.51%, but a progressive increase from 8.51% to 9.92% occurred over the course of study (P=0.018). The proportion of individuals reporting specific risk factors during the 90 days preceding the study generally decreased over time. In a regression model, significant risk factors for infection included black race, age 25 years or younger, home-of-record from the South, being screened during years 3 and 4 of the study, more than one sex partner, a new sex partner, and history of any sexually transmitted disease. Condom use was protective. In another model controlling for age and home-of-record from the South, being screened in years 2, 3, and 4 of the study were significantly predictive for being chlamydia positive.
A high and slightly increasing prevalence of C trachomatis infection was observed among young females entering the military over 4 consecutive years. Young age, black race, home-of-record from the South, more than one sex partner, a new sex partner, condom use, and a history of having a sexually transmitted disease were correlates of chlamydia infection. Sustained high rates of C trachomatis infection in this population provide clear justification for a chlamydia control program for young women entering the Army consisting of screening at entry on the basis of age and possibly home-of-record together with continued periodic rescreening.
A study of 23,010 female Army recruits demonstrated that a high prevalence of C trachomatis was sustained during 4 years of observation. Year of study, young age, and being from the South were significant predictors of infection.
沙眼衣原体感染在性活跃的年轻女性中很普遍，会导致严重的后遗症，且大多没有症状。对受感染女性进行筛查和治疗已被证明可预防盆腔炎等后遗症。
评估美国陆军女性新兵沙眼衣原体感染的患病率和危险因素，以及这些因素是否随时间变化，并研究导致任何观察到的模式的变量。
对1996年1月至1999年6月在南卡罗来纳州杰克逊堡参加沙眼衣原体筛查项目的23010名非寻求医疗服务的陆军女性新兵进行患病率研究。对每一个4年队列分别检查其患病率和危险因素。
采用连接酶链反应进行基于尿液的沙眼衣原体检测以确定患病率，并通过问卷调查收集人口统计学和风险信息。将每位新兵的记录原籍州转换为公共卫生报告区域：西部、中西部、南部、东北部和属地。
所有年份的患病率为9.51%，但在研究过程中从8.51%逐渐上升至9.92%（P = 0.018）。在研究前90天内报告特定危险因素的个体比例总体上随时间下降。在一个回归模型中，感染的显著危险因素包括黑人种族、25岁及以下、记录原籍州为南部、在研究的第3年和第4年接受筛查、有不止一个性伴侣、有新的性伴侣以及有任何性传播疾病史。使用避孕套具有保护作用。在另一个控制年龄和记录原籍州为南部的模型中，在研究的第2年、第3年和第4年接受筛查是沙眼衣原体呈阳性的显著预测因素。
在连续4年进入军队的年轻女性中，观察到沙眼衣原体感染的患病率较高且略有上升。年轻、黑人种族、记录原籍州为南部、有不止一个性伴侣、有新的性伴侣以及有性传播疾病史是沙眼衣原体感染的相关因素。该人群中沙眼衣原体感染率持续居高不下，为针对进入军队的年轻女性的沙眼衣原体控制项目提供了明确的依据，该项目包括根据年龄以及可能的记录原籍州在入伍时进行筛查，并持续进行定期复查。
对23010名陆军女性新兵的研究表明，在4年的观察期内沙眼衣原体的高患病率持续存在。研究年份、年轻以及来自南部是感染的显著预测因素。
