Matsui Elizabeth C, Wood Robert A, Rand Cynthia, Kanchanaraksa Sukon, Swartz Lee, Curtin-Brosnan Jean, Eggleston Peyton A
Department of Pediatrics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003 Jul;112(1):87-92. doi: 10.1067/mai.2003.1588.
Exposure to cockroach allergen is prevalent in inner-city homes and is associated with an increased risk of cockroach sensitization.
We sought to determine the prevalence of cockroach allergen exposure in suburban middle-class homes and to study its relationship to cockroach sensitization.
Children with asthma, 6 to 17 years of age, were recruited from 3 pediatric practices located in counties surrounding Baltimore city and from 1 practice located within Baltimore city limits. Participants underwent skin prick testing and completed baseline questionnaires. In addition, their homes were inspected, and settled dust samples were collected for allergen analysis.
Forty-one percent of the total study population (n = 339) had kitchen Bla g 1 levels of greater than 1 U/g. Forty-nine percent were white, 53% had annual incomes of greater than US dollars 50000, and 48% of mothers had college degrees. Seventy-seven percent of the study population resided in a suburban or rural location, and 30% of kitchens in these homes had Bla g 1 levels of greater than 1 U/g. Among the suburban-rural subgroup, 21% were sensitized to cockroach compared with 35% of the city group. In multivariate analysis, exposure to kitchen Bla g 1 levels of greater than 1 U/g was associated with cockroach sensitization for both the total study population (odds ratio, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.28-4.11) and the suburban-rural subgroup (odds ratio, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.23-4.57).
Cockroach allergen exposure might be more common in suburban middle-class homes of asthmatic children than previously thought. Moreover, the data suggest that low-level cockroach exposure is a risk factor for cockroach sensitization.
接触蟑螂过敏原在市中心家庭中很普遍，且与蟑螂致敏风险增加有关。
我们试图确定郊区中产阶级家庭中蟑螂过敏原暴露的患病率，并研究其与蟑螂致敏的关系。
从位于巴尔的摩市周边各县的3家儿科诊所和位于巴尔的摩市内的1家诊所招募6至17岁的哮喘儿童。参与者接受皮肤点刺试验并完成基线问卷。此外，对他们的家进行检查，并收集 settled dust 样本进行过敏原分析。
在整个研究人群（n = 339）中，41% 的人厨房中德国小蠊变应原 Bla g 1 水平高于1 U/g。49% 为白人，53% 的家庭年收入超过50000美元，48% 的母亲拥有大学学位。77% 的研究人群居住在郊区或农村，这些家庭中30% 的厨房 Bla g 1 水平高于1 U/g。在郊区 - 农村亚组中，21% 的人对蟑螂致敏，而城市组为35%。在多变量分析中，对于整个研究人群（优势比，2.29；95% 置信区间，1.28 - 4.11）和郊区 - 农村亚组（优势比，2.37；95% CI，1.23 - 4.57），厨房 Bla g 1 水平高于1 U/g 的暴露与蟑螂致敏相关。
蟑螂过敏原暴露在哮喘儿童的郊区中产阶级家庭中可能比以前认为的更常见。此外，数据表明低水平的蟑螂暴露是蟑螂致敏的一个危险因素。
