消退、非连续性强化以及对其他行为的区别性强化作为控制程序的效果。
The effects of extinction, noncontingent reinforcement and differential reinforcement of other behavior as control procedures.
作者信息
Thompson Rachel H, Iwata Brian A, Hanley Gregory P, Dozier Claudia L, Samaha Andrew L
机构信息
Department of Human Development, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045, USA.
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 2003 Summer;36(2):221-38. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2003.36-221.
Several techniques have been used in applied research as controls for the introduction of a reinforcement contingency, including extinction, noncontingent reinforcement (NCR), and differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO). Little research, however, has examined the relative strengths and limitations of these "reversal" controls. We compared the effects of extinction with those of NCR and DRO in both multi-element and reversal designs, with respect to (a) rate and amount of response decrement, (b) rate of response recovery following reintroduction of reinforcement, and (c) any positive or negative side effects associated with transitions. Results indicated that extinction generally produced the most consistent and rapid reversal effects, with few observed negative side effects.
在应用研究中，已经使用了几种技术作为引入强化偶联的对照，包括消退、非连续强化（NCR）和其他行为的差别强化（DRO）。然而，很少有研究考察这些“反转”对照的相对优势和局限性。我们在多元素设计和反转设计中，比较了消退与NCR和DRO的效果，涉及以下方面：（a）反应减少的速率和量，（b）重新引入强化后反应恢复的速率，以及（c）与转换相关的任何正面或负面副作用。结果表明，消退通常产生最一致和快速的反转效果，几乎没有观察到负面副作用。
Zotero 插件