DuChesne A, Unnewehr M, Schmidt P F, Sótonyi P, Brinkmann B, Piffkó J, Fischer G, Bajanowski T
Institute of Legal Medicine, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität, Röntgenstrasse 23, 48149, Münster, Germany.
Int J Legal Med. 2003 Oct;117(5):257-62. doi: 10.1007/s00414-002-0358-z. Epub 2003 Jul 30.
A total of 11 human mandibles were subjected to physical impacts under standardised conditions. Two impact sites and directions were tested and the impact load was varied in four steps. Two occlusional strengths were applied and the influence of simulated soft tissue covering was recorded. The deformation of the bones was measured using strain gauge strips located at eight defined sites. In a series of frontal to occipital impacts the frontal areas and the collum showed the largest length changes. Increasing impact intensities led to a proportional increase of the length changes. An increase of the occlusional strength was either protective (at the collum) or it increased the deformation (frontal area). The soft tissue covering was only partly protective. Lateral impact was characterised by a compression on the side of the impact and stretching on the other side only. The intensity and speed of deformation increased with increasing distance from the site of impact. A fixed occlusion caused an increase of compression at the site of impact and an increasing stretching in the frontal part of the bone and at the opposite collum.
共有11具人类下颌骨在标准化条件下受到物理撞击。测试了两个撞击部位和方向，并分四步改变撞击载荷。施加了两种咬合强度，并记录了模拟软组织覆盖的影响。使用位于八个指定部位的应变片测量骨骼的变形。在一系列从前额到枕部的撞击中，额部区域和颈部显示出最大的长度变化。撞击强度增加导致长度变化成比例增加。咬合强度的增加要么具有保护作用（在颈部），要么会增加变形（额部区域）。软组织覆盖仅起到部分保护作用。侧面撞击的特征是撞击侧受压，另一侧仅受拉伸。变形的强度和速度随着距撞击部位距离的增加而增加。固定咬合会导致撞击部位的压缩增加，以及骨骼前部和相对颈部的拉伸增加。
