Galloway Denise A
Division of Human Biology at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2003 Aug;3(8):469-75. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00720-5.
Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of death for women in the developing world, and the treatment of preneoplastic cervical lesions is a considerable public-health burden in the developed world. There is unambiguous evidence that human papillomaviruses (HPVs) trigger the development of cervical and other anogenital malignancies, and that continued expression of HPV antigens in the tumours drives the neoplastic progression. The viral cause of cervical cancer is also its Achilles heel. Prophylactic vaccines to prevent HPV infection and therapeutic vaccines targeted at the HPV tumour antigens are in clinical trials. A firm grasp of the molecular pathogenesis of HPVs and the natural history of genital HPV infections, combined with greater understanding of how to trigger effective immune responses, offers hope for the elimination of HPV-associated diseases.
宫颈癌仍是发展中世界女性死亡的主要原因，而癌前宫颈病变的治疗在发达世界是一项相当大的公共卫生负担。有明确证据表明，人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）引发宫颈癌及其他肛门生殖器恶性肿瘤的发生，且肿瘤中HPV抗原的持续表达推动肿瘤进展。宫颈癌的病毒病因也是其致命弱点。预防HPV感染的预防性疫苗和针对HPV肿瘤抗原的治疗性疫苗正在进行临床试验。牢牢掌握HPV的分子发病机制和生殖器HPV感染的自然史，再加上对如何触发有效免疫反应有更深入的了解，为消除HPV相关疾病带来了希望。
