Knudsen Lisbeth Ehlert, Burr Herman
Københavns Universitet, Panum Instituttet, Institut for Folkesundhedsvidenskab, Afdelingen for Miljø- og Arbejdsmedicin, og Arbejdsmiljøinstituttet, København.
Ugeskr Laeger. 2003 Jul 14;165(29):2882-6.
A Danish cohort from 1987 consisting of 226 stainless steel welders and reference persons is part of the European Study Group on Cytogenetic Biomarkers and Health (ESCH). In ESCH increased cancer morbidity and mortality was significantly associated with high levels of chromosomal aberrations, measured in blood samples several years prior to cancer registration. The positive association was found in two cohorts from the Nordic countries and from Italy.
ESCH followed all registered cancer cases and control persons by questionnaires and interviews to obtain information about exposures in the period from the time of blood sampling for chromosomal aberration analysis to the time of cancer diagnosis. In Denmark the total cohort was included in the inquiry and the ESCH questions were supplemented with questions from the Danish National Work Environment Cohort Study 1990-95.
Responses from one hundred and forty-four persons showed that seventy-four were employed at the same workplace place as in 1987. Differences in occupational exposures, such as more noise, heat and insufficient lighting and no differences in the self-rated health were found in comparison with the Danish National Work Environment Cohort Study as such and with the sample of metal workers. Only very few of the study persons knew the threshold limit value of welding fumes but a majority found that the working environment had improved during the past ten years.
This study confirms hazardous exposures in stainless steel welding. The threshold limit value, however, has been lowered since 1987 suggesting there is less cancer risk today from stainless steel welding.
1987年来自丹麦的一个队列，由226名不锈钢焊工及对照人员组成，是欧洲细胞遗传生物标志物与健康研究组（ESCH）的一部分。在ESCH研究中，癌症发病率和死亡率的增加与染色体畸变水平升高显著相关，这些染色体畸变是在癌症登记前数年采集的血样中检测到的。在来自北欧国家和意大利的两个队列中也发现了这种正相关关系。
ESCH通过问卷调查和访谈对所有登记的癌症病例和对照人员进行跟踪，以获取从采集血样进行染色体畸变分析到癌症诊断期间的暴露信息。在丹麦，整个队列都被纳入调查，ESCH的问题还补充了1990 - 1995年丹麦国家工作环境队列研究中的问题。
144人的回复显示，其中74人与1987年时在同一工作场所工作。与丹麦国家工作环境队列研究整体以及金属工人样本相比，发现职业暴露存在差异，如更多的噪音、热量和照明不足，但自我评定的健康状况没有差异。只有极少数研究对象知道焊接烟雾的阈限值，但大多数人认为过去十年工作环境有所改善。
本研究证实了不锈钢焊接存在有害暴露。然而，自1987年以来阈限值已经降低，这表明如今不锈钢焊接导致的癌症风险降低。
