Laudet Alexandre B, Magura Stephen, Cleland Charles M, Vogel Howard S, Knight Edward L
National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, NY 10010, USA.
Community Ment Health J. 2003 Aug;39(4):281-97. doi: 10.1023/a:1024085423488.
Attendance at 12-step groups has been found useful in maintaining abstinence from substance use; many members disengage early, missing out on potential benefits. New 12-step based groups have emerged to address the recovery needs of the many substance users with psychiatric comorbidity. Little is known about factors associated with retention in 12-step, especially in this population. This study sought to identify predictors of retention over a one-year period among members of a dual-focus 12-Step fellowship (N = 276). Using multivariate analysis, the following baseline characteristics were associated with greater retention one year later: older age, more lifetime arrests, abstinence in the pre-baseline year, more psychiatric symptoms in the pre-baseline year, not taking psychiatric medication, being more troubled by substance abuse than by mental health, and greater level of self-efficacy for recovery; residing in supported housing and being enrolled in outpatient treatment at follow-up were also significantly associated with better retention. Clinical implications to enhance retention in specialized 12-step groups are discussed.
研究发现，参加12步团体活动有助于保持远离物质使用；许多成员过早退出，错失了潜在的益处。基于12步的新团体已出现，以满足许多患有精神疾病合并症的物质使用者的康复需求。对于与12步团体留存率相关的因素，尤其是在这一人群中，人们了解甚少。本研究旨在确定双焦点12步团体（N = 276）成员在一年期间留存率的预测因素。通过多变量分析，以下基线特征与一年后的更高留存率相关：年龄较大、终身被捕次数更多、基线前一年保持戒断、基线前一年有更多精神症状、未服用精神科药物、相比心理健康问题，更多受物质滥用困扰，以及更高的康复自我效能水平；居住在支持性住房中且随访时参加门诊治疗也与更好的留存率显著相关。本文讨论了提高在专门的12步团体中留存率的临床意义。
