Bogenschutz Michael P, Geppert Cynthia M A, George Jennifer
Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.
Am J Addict. 2006 Jan-Feb;15(1):50-60. doi: 10.1080/10550490500419060.
The authors reviewed the empirical literature concerning the use of twelve-step programs and treatments by patients with co-occurring substance use disorders and other psychiatric disorders. Strong evidence was found that dually diagnosed individuals (DDI), with the possible exception of those with psychotic disorders, attend twelve-step programs at rates comparable to non-DDI. Twelve-step involvement is consistently associated with improved substance use outcomes. Although there have been numerous clinical trials involving twelve step-oriented interventions for DDI, most of the studies suffered from substantial methodological limitations. More work is needed to determine what kinds of twelve-step treatments and programs are effective for various types of patients and elucidate the mechanisms by which these approaches facilitate recovery.
作者回顾了关于同时患有物质使用障碍和其他精神障碍的患者使用十二步项目及治疗方法的实证文献。研究发现，除了患有精神障碍的患者外，双重诊断个体（DDI）参加十二步项目的比例与非双重诊断个体相当。参与十二步项目一直与物质使用结果的改善相关。尽管已经有许多针对双重诊断个体的以十二步为导向的干预临床试验，但大多数研究都存在重大的方法学局限性。需要开展更多工作，以确定何种十二步治疗方法和项目对各类患者有效，并阐明这些方法促进康复的机制。
