Avantaggiato Giuseppina, Havenaar Robert, Visconti Angelo
CNR Institute of Sciences of Food Production, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2003 Oct;41(10):1283-90. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(03)00113-3.
A novel approach is presented herein to study the intestinal absorption of mycotoxins by using a laboratory model that mimics the metabolic processes of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of healthy pigs. This model was used to evaluate the small-intestinal absorption of zearalenone from contaminated wheat (4.1 mg/kg) and the effectiveness of activated carbon and cholestyramine at four inclusion levels (0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2%) in reducing toxin absorption. Approximately 32% of ZEA intake (247 microg) was released from the food matrix during 6 h of digestion and was rapidly absorbed at intestinal level. A significant reduction of intestinal absorption of ZEA was found after inclusion of activated carbon or cholestyramine, even at the lowest dose of adsorbents, with a more pronounced effect exhibited by activated carbon. In particular, when 2% of activated carbon or cholestyramine was added to the meal the ZEA intestinal absorption was lowered from 32% of ZEA intake to 5 and 16%, respectively. The sequestering effect of both adsorbents took place already during the first 2 h of digestion and persisted during the rest of the experiment. The GI-model is a rapid and physiologically relevant method to test the efficacy of adsorbent materials in binding mycotoxins and can be used to pre-screen mycotoxin/adsorbent combinations as an alternative to animal experiments.
本文提出了一种新方法，通过使用模拟健康猪胃肠道代谢过程的实验室模型来研究霉菌毒素的肠道吸收。该模型用于评估受污染小麦（4.1毫克/千克）中玉米赤霉烯酮的小肠吸收情况，以及四种添加水平（0.25%、0.5%、1%和2%）的活性炭和消胆胺在减少毒素吸收方面的有效性。在6小时的消化过程中，约32%的玉米赤霉烯酮摄入量（247微克）从食物基质中释放出来，并在肠道水平迅速被吸收。加入活性炭或消胆胺后，即使是最低剂量的吸附剂，玉米赤霉烯酮的肠道吸收也显著降低，活性炭表现出更明显的效果。特别是，当在饲料中添加2%的活性炭或消胆胺时，玉米赤霉烯酮的肠道吸收分别从摄入量的32%降至5%和16%。两种吸附剂的螯合作用在消化的前2小时就已发生，并在实验的其余时间持续存在。胃肠道模型是一种快速且与生理相关的方法，用于测试吸附材料结合霉菌毒素的功效，可作为动物实验的替代方法，用于预筛选霉菌毒素/吸附剂组合。
