Heikkilä M P, Saris P E J
Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
J Appl Microbiol. 2003;95(3):471-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02002.x.
To study the bacterial diversity in expressed human milk with a focus on detecting bacteria with an antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, known as a causative agent of maternal breast infections and neonatal infections.
Random isolates (n = 509) were collected from breast milk samples (n = 40) of healthy lactating women, genotypically identified, and tested for antimicrobial activity against Staph. aureus. Commensal staphylococci (64%) and oral streptococci (30%), with Staph. epidermidis, Strep. salivarius, and Strep. mitis as the most frequent isolates, were the predominant bacterial species in breast milk. One-fifth of Staph. epidermidis and half of Strep. salivarius isolates suppressed growth of Staph. aureus. Enterococci (Ent. faecalis), isolated from 7.5% of samples, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lact. crispatus, Lactococcus lactis, Leuconoctoc mesenteroides), isolated from 12.5% of samples, were also effective against Staph. aureus. One L. lactis isolate was shown to produce nisin, a bacteriocin used in food industry to prevent bacterial pathogens and spoilage.
Expressed breast milk contains commensal bacteria, which inhibit Staph. aureus.
The strains inhibitory against the pathogen Staph. aureus have potential use as bacteriotherapeutic agents in preventing neonatal and maternal breast infections caused by this bacterium.
研究人初乳中的细菌多样性，重点检测对金黄色葡萄球菌具有抗菌活性的细菌，金黄色葡萄球菌是引起产妇乳腺感染和新生儿感染的病原体。
从40名健康哺乳期妇女的母乳样本中收集了509株随机分离株，进行基因分型鉴定，并检测其对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性。共生葡萄球菌（64%）和口腔链球菌（30%），其中表皮葡萄球菌、唾液链球菌和缓症链球菌是最常见的分离株，是母乳中的主要细菌种类。五分之一的表皮葡萄球菌分离株和一半的唾液链球菌分离株抑制了金黄色葡萄球菌的生长。从7.5%的样本中分离出的肠球菌（粪肠球菌）和从12.5%的样本中分离出的乳酸菌（鼠李糖乳杆菌、卷曲乳杆菌、乳酸乳球菌、肠系膜明串珠菌）对金黄色葡萄球菌也有效。一株乳酸乳球菌分离株被证明能产生乳酸链球菌素，这是一种用于食品工业预防细菌病原体和腐败的细菌素。
人初乳中含有抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的共生细菌。
对病原体金黄色葡萄球菌具有抑制作用的菌株有可能作为细菌治疗剂用于预防由该细菌引起的新生儿和产妇乳腺感染。
